For an EU citizen retiring with an EU wife, Portugal is a no brainer and the best choice out of Thailand, Malaysia and Panama. Fresh Mediterranean food, cleaner air, better healthcare and insurance, the right to work, full ownership, safer roads and better general safety. It is also relatively safe for a European if global conflict becomes wider. If you have a Thai wife, Thailand becomes much easier, but there is still a risk when you invest through your wife for a long-term quality life. If you are willing to take that risk, Thailand is cheaper, but not better. After being home for a few months now, just going out for a walk in fresh air feels like luxury. You never get that feeling in Thailand. No dogs, no noise, no stress.