Under The Current Climate Would You Buy A Condo?

[pkrv]

Kanokrak Rerksopist -never heard of her - it is a small team, she may have been brought on at the last moment - fine but not in the email distribution list I have.

[cmsally]

"We have no discounts - the price is fixed," said Kanokrak Rerksopist, a saleswoman, as she showed a visitor around the display unit.

From what I have seen if the building is already under construction the units on offer are all resales. Salespeople of the project never have discounts, they all say fixed price and want you to feel terrible about asking for a discount. You have to sniff around for discounts elsewhere.

They are never from the salespeople of the project or an agent as far as I can see.

Just today I got a call from an agent I contacted while in BKK last Thursday - yes it took her 5 days to get back to me!

She wanted to tell me about a new secret project they haven't yet unveiled yet (maybe I should go and announce it here!) which will start at 90,000Bt/m2 and she would put me on the VIP waiting list. Sales tactic no.3204 make people seem important so they part with their money more easily.

All this was totally irrelelevant to the original query I made ! Nice try I guess.

[teejay]

teejay - I made a mistake - you are correct on liquidity - but - Hong Kong has a lease issue on condos, (rent up front). Hampstead does not and indeed Bangkok does not.

I did look at your links on Hong Kong and found just two results on the site - but critical from a westerners viewpoint I guess these are leasehold - this is a gigantic hurdle for this kind of money, yes a liquid market but something is wrong, passing things onto your kin over protracted periods will be tricky and effectively this is rental - that money is not retained in the family - I don't know how leasehold works in Hong Kong but this seems curiously at odds with a nation that is financially astute (sorry this is an open probe, I hope no offence is taken).

pkrv, yes indeed there is a leasehold structure in HK. However, it is not as you think (aka Thailand 30 years)... The HK lease hold is 999 years. Yes 999 years.... that's pretty much freehold as far as anybody is concerned, 999 years is many many many generations of inheritance for your kin....

Edited July 5, 2007 by teejay

[pkrv]

teejay - I made a mistake - you are correct on liquidity - but - Hong Kong has a lease issue on condos, (rent up front). Hampstead does not and indeed Bangkok does not.

I did look at your links on Hong Kong and found just two results on the site - but critical from a westerners viewpoint I guess these are leasehold - this is a gigantic hurdle for this kind of money, yes a liquid market but something is wrong, passing things onto your kin over protracted periods will be tricky and effectively this is rental - that money is not retained in the family - I don't know how leasehold works in Hong Kong but this seems curiously at odds with a nation that is financially astute (sorry this is an open probe, I hope no offence is taken).

pkrv, yes indeed there is a leasehold structure in HK. However, it is not as you think (aka Thailand 30 years)... The HK lease hold is 999 years. Yes 999 years.... that's pretty much freehold as far as anybody is concerned, 999 years is many many many generations of inheritance for your kin....

Thanks teejay - interesting Bristol University (siblings studdied there) owned most of the property in the area under 999 year leases - there are no break clauses are there? I still think freehold outperforms?

[pkrv]

here's a news article that might be of passing interest....

trajan - Firstly many thanks for posting the International Herald Tribune (Business) article.

http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/07/04/business/baht.php

The reason for my slow response is I checked it out, because I didn't recognise the name the reporter gave (Kanokrak Rerksopist) and it set my alarm bells off (if that makes sense). However this sales person does work for The Park.

Cross referencing the full article link and the response back from The Park, the journalist posed as a buyer and the reports were accurate. The defences effected in The Park contracts (against flippers) appear to have worked perfectly, most notably contracted to complete - as quicksilva said "The best defence against them is to buy in developments that prohibits the assignment of sales and purchase agreements before the transfer date."

There are no flippers, the sales force do not have to offer discounts on the last few remaining units, and now Asian Motifs are in to do some of the design work, and I am exhausted!

Trajan you are a deeply valued source of information and have been since I began posting a few years ago, I am not entirely sure how I can repay. I will add this information to the all major projects... thread which I will continue to contribute to - there is so much happening! This is a truly great city! PKRV.

[teejay]

No break clauses as far as I (any my solicitor) know, pkrv. At the 999-year time horizon, I would say that the HK leasehold and the freehold (which doesn't exist anyway in the central HK areas) would theoretically perform equally. That said, as the baht keeps chugging along, I'm happy with holding onto my Thai property for the short term at least.

[SiamSquare123]

on skyscarppercity, they say that sukhumwit prices will likely hit 150K/m2 next year.

Bangkok is booming.

[xbusman]

Its booming all right. No end in sight. Full speed ahead.

For newcomers that get confused with all this conflicting information is really quite simple.

NEVER PUT MORE INTO THAILAND THAN YOU ARE WILLING TO WALK AWAY FROM.

For those with money to burn, its a great deal. For those with pennies to spare, stay away.

[pkrv]

Its booming all right. No end in sight. Full speed ahead.

For newcomers that get confused with all this conflicting information is really quite simple.

NEVER PUT MORE INTO THAILAND THAN YOU ARE WILLING TO WALK AWAY FROM.

For those with money to burn, its a great deal. For those with pennies to spare, stay away.

xbusman - again I agree with London - you confuse the issues - err don't put any money into any investment that you cannot walk away from, this is a fact of life - but you single out Thailand? Why? that is insane.

[xbusman]

Honestly I think you folks confuse this issue to no end and miss the entire point.

The topic is "Under the current climate, would you buy a condo". All the opinions on why its a good buy or why its a bad buy is irrelevant to only rule that applies to each and every one of us living here as guests. This is a third world country without the rule of law. We are completely unprotected in any investment we make here. Therefore, none of us should invest a penny more than we can burn comfortably.

If you are at the point in life where you have a few million baht you can play with and not worry about, then buying here is entirely up to your circumstances.

You posters confuse the issue with rates of return, the joy of ownership, not dealing with landlords, picking you own paint, on a website designed to make life easier for the less experienced "guest". The ultimate answer to this question is simply if you can walk away and lose the entire investment without being overly bothered by that minor detail then it is pretty much up to each persons individual taste.

Keep it focused and help out the newbies as they dive into the shark infested waters.

[joeuk1]

I bought condo in Bkk will be ready oct 2008 if all goes to plan , i need somewhere to stay when i am in Bkk and i can pay the 1 off payment or have to rent hotel rooms over the next 20 years , i like to have somewhere where i can put my clothes have my own personal things , and not be living out of a suitcase .

For those that worry about everything to do with Thailand , Property / Woman etc

My advice to you is be carefull crossing the roads lol .

Jb

[xbusman]

For anybody that worries, Thailand is not a place for you, particularly crossing the street. For a newbie poster like joeuk1 who could smoke the price of a condo before breakfast and never miss it, Thailand is pure heaven. Good on ya joeuk1, I am sure you will enjoy your condo.

[london]

Jb and xbusman.....hear hear !!!

Just do it !

And Jb....I'm sure that you have done the right thing. I have never regretted my real estate purchases here. Good luck !

[pkrv]

Honestly I think you folks confuse this issue to no end and miss the entire point.

The topic is "Under the current climate, would you buy a condo". All the opinions on why its a good buy or why its a bad buy is irrelevant to only rule that applies to each and every one of us living here as guests. This is a third world country without the rule of law. We are completely unprotected in any investment we make here. Therefore, none of us should invest a penny more than we can burn comfortably.

If you are at the point in life where you have a few million baht you can play with and not worry about, then buying here is entirely up to your circumstances.

You posters confuse the issue with rates of return, the joy of ownership, not dealing with landlords, picking you own paint, on a website designed to make life easier for the less experienced "guest". The ultimate answer to this question is simply if you can walk away and lose the entire investment without being overly bothered by that minor detail then it is pretty much up to each persons individual taste.

Keep it focused and help out the newbies as they dive into the shark infested waters.

xbusman - Firstly I should apologise - my response was adversarial, but in a sense I stand by it. You are correct that newbies need accurate information, we were all newbies once.

I sense what you are saying, and now must draw on something that does not come naturally to me, exact specifics. Thailand is a country in its infancy and IS a country where the rule of law prevails. Those who buy under the 49% rule in a condominium are not only protected by Thai law but also international law. These days not even the US is a law unto itself, we are all interdependent.

You are protected by law here - there are admittedly discrepancies when Thai law is bypassed and this can happen in condos when the 49% rule/law is 'broken' and other land issues that are not relevant in this thread. Thai law prevails. Agreed move outside of Thai law and you are vunerable.

Edited July 13, 2007 by pkrv

[pansted00]

Thailand IS a country where the rule of law prevails.

Would you dare say that in the face of the widow of the cop that was killed by one of the Yumbarung boys ?

[pkrv]

pansted00 - A death cannot be prevented by law, and I am sad this is so, if we were to abandon law how many more deaths would there be?

Law is most definitely in operation in Thailand there is a judiciary and those who enforce it. I most certainly would not like to be a member of the Thai judiciary at the moment, they will need to stand their ground or indeed move things forward to international standards, tough decisions ahead for these guys.

I think this is an aspect of this thread?

[xbusman]

I think you need to sit and have a chat with Kuhn Thaksin regarding the rule of law. He might have an opinion for you. After all, he is a policeman.

[pkrv]

xbusman - I take your point - But for me this is all the more reason to step up to the mark on these issues. Law is not immutable, this cannot be so otherwise London cabs would be forced to carry around a bail of straw on their roofs. Even the English language contains the phrase judge jury and executioner, that was not good stuff.

None of us are able to vote we are/will be guests, but Thailand does support certain laws/rights in the Condominium market. Do you dispute that anyone, ever, has had that right taken away from them? And I suspect this right is enforced for the security of the state. For Thailand to move outside of this would be catastrophic, it would mean anarchy that is most definitely not the case.

[backflip]

Not a single farang has lost housing, with or without using a company. The naysayers always respond, "yeah, not yet, but maybe". It's best to leave them alone.

[jumnien]

Good point backflip, not a single farang has lost housing and I don't see it happening. Worriers worry to much.

I do stick to investments in condos so far as I'm not so sure the resale market will be easy down the road as far as reselling to other farangs regarding houses. This I could see changing slightly to the less liberal side. I don't think it is likely, but Thailand may enforce the law someday.

[linnping]

Yes, It's more safty than house and good for investment.

_______________

Home equity loans

[xbusman]

I think you guys do a terrible disservice to newcomers from western countries that have at least a passing familiarity with the rule of law. I have never stated that property rights were ever revoked or ever will be. What I have stated is that rules here change almost on a daily basis. As a guest, your right to stay today may not be granted tomorrow. You might still be able to own a condo in a land where you dare not return. As a guest in a third world country you would be an absolute fool to lock down more money in illiquid assets than you comfortably smoke with afternoon tea.

Everything we do has to be done with eyes wide open, we have little recourse at best. For those of us with that sort of excess cash, we pays the price and takes our chances. I am just trying to reduce the flying club found in the high floors of Pattaya. You should do the same.

[margin]

Can someone just help me out as to why it is more hazardous for a farang to own a condo than it is for a native Thai ?

Is there likely to be any mileage in my having ownership vested in my Thai son (aged 18) ?

Sorry to labour these points, but I'm a little slow on the uptake

Thanks for your help

Edited July 15, 2007 by margin

[pkrv]

margin - sure foreigners can buy freehold into a registered condominium but only up to 49% - quiksilva expands this as "Its 49% of the sellable space, note that this is not total space it excludes common areas. " - so x numbers of Condos can be bought depending on size.

Thais can buy into 100% of any condominium; this issue is not relevant to them. It is/was possible for foreigners to buy beyond the 49% ownership 'quota' but this may not be a good idea. This is where the confusion comes from - Just ensure you are fully protected under the 49% rule.

I guess the reason for the market distortion is to ensure Thailand is not bought up by foreigners - Also there is a thread on the 49% issue here:

http://www.thaivisa.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=118768

Edited July 16, 2007 by pkrv

[retirednavyman]

I'd rent for now, perhaps buy later as conditions improve, if they do

[jumnien]

Can someone just help me out as to why it is more hazardous for a farang to own a condo than it is for a native Thai ?

Is there likely to be any mileage in my having ownership vested in my Thai son (aged 18) ?

Sorry to labour these points, but I'm a little slow on the uptake

Thanks for your help

The problem is that if your condo ever maxes out the foreign ownership the laws are brutal to the Thai owners. If the condo is in a foreigners name, they are allowed to sell to anyone at all at the highest price. The same unit owned in a Thai's name can only be sold to another Thai substantially reducing the value. That's why people rarely register a condo in a Thai name if there is any way to avoid it.

[pkrv]

Can someone just help me out as to why it is more hazardous for a farang to own a condo than it is for a native Thai ?

Is there likely to be any mileage in my having ownership vested in my Thai son (aged 18) ?

Sorry to labour these points, but I'm a little slow on the uptake

Thanks for your help

The problem is that if your condo ever maxes out the foreign ownership the laws are brutal to the Thai owners. If the condo is in a foreigners name, they are allowed to sell to anyone at all at the highest price. The same unit owned in a Thai's name can only be sold to another Thai substantially reducing the value. That's why people rarely register a condo in a Thai name if there is any way to avoid it.

mdeland - I am by no stretch of the imagination a precise individual, so if I say I have seen comments to this effect and was worried about the 49% rule, perhaps that is me, but this is not good for Thais. Market distortions cause problems full stop.

[PattayaAddict]

Personally i have been thinking about this for the past few months and what do i do ?I always go back to this idea with this dated document that you can find dated back to 2006 in this site ,have a look -to me it still makes a lot of sense to this day :

Saturday, 23 December 2006

Better rent than buy condominium in Thailand

In recent weeks I have received several enquiries with regard to buying real estate property. These have inevitably been from a middle-aged (or older) expatriate who has decided to settle in Thailand with the girl of his dreams that he met last month or the month before, who loves him so much that she�s leaving her place of work in Soi 8 or Pattayaland Soi 2 to settle down in the nice little house she�s found for them somewhere along Jomtien Beach.

Usually, the enquirer wants to find out why the property cannot be held in his own name, and if it�s okay to put it in his girlfriend�s name.

Some of these enquirers are so na�ve that they even ask how they can obtain a mortgage on the property. �Oh dear,� I think when I hear these tales, �Not another one��

For their own protection

At the height of the currency crisis in 1997, Thailand had agreed with the IMF to liberalise its laws with regard to foreigners owning real estate in Thailand.

The matter was debated in parliament and the press at great length, and the usual jingoistic (some would say xenophobic) statements were aired that if the protectionist laws were amended, we greedy farangs would sweep in and buy up all the land in Thailand and exploit the poor innocent Thais in our typical colonialist fashion.

(I wonder why the fact that Thais or anyone else with money can buy any amount of landed property in the U.K. or U.S.A. is never aired as a counter-argument, and neither the British nor Americans seem terribly worried that their country is going to be taken over by colonising Asians ­ but that perhaps is another topic for another day.)

So the debate went on and on, and announcements were eventually made that the law was going to be amended to allow foreigners to lease up to 1 rai of land for up to 30 years, on which to build a residential property ­ provided this was preceded by a remittance equivalent to 10 million baht of hard currency from overseas deposited in a bank in Thailand.

However, like several other politically unpopular bills, this one also is still pending, as far as I�m aware.

Nonetheless, some local real estate firms trumpet in their advertisements that foreigners can now own their own property. But this is just a clever ploy to get you through their doors. The mechanism which has been used for years to get around this protectionist law has not in fact changed.

The facts

An expatriate can own a condominium in his own name provided not more than 40% of the apartments in the condominium complex are owned by foreigners. That has been the case for a long time already.

But if you want to buy a house or land, an expatriate can only do so through a legally registered company, of which a single expatriate cannot own more than 39% of the shares (recently amended from 33%), and collectively not more than 49%.

You also need at least six Thai partners to hold the remaining shares (although you can go a long way to protect your interests by being the sole authorised signatory and ensuring these local partners sign their undated resignations and share transfer deeds at the time of setting up the company.)

Of course, you could avoid the costs & hassle of setting up a company by putting the house in your wife/girlfriend�s name. This will undoubtedly make her very happy ­ even happier than the visits you made to her favourite gold shop and motorcycle shop (which are the usual precursors to visiting the real estate agency.)

However, what happens a year or two down the road when you have a major disagreement about something, or her Thai �husband� shows up (they all seem to have them squirreled away somewhere)? You, like so many before you, may find yourself standing on Jomtien Beach with only your passport in one hand and a bag of clothes in the other�and your life savings gone.

Getting a mortgage

In U.K., U.S.A. or Europe, getting a mortgage on a property is almost taken for granted. Few people are in a position to buy a property for cash on the table.

The relatively low price of property in Thailand means that many expatriates who decide to settle here are tempted to buy a residential property, or a shophouse for their girl-friend to run a travel agency, beauty salon, snooker hall or beer bar on the ground floor, while they love ­ I mean live ­ upstairs.

Some of the more na�ve ones imagine that they can just march into a local bank and get a mortgage on the strength of the property and their "personal" guarantee on behalf of their girlfriend.

Sorry, but that isn't going to happen.

Unlike in the West, where the title to the property guarantees the bank in the event of default, and an endowment or insurance policy its money in the event of the borrower�s dying, laws in Thailand to help banks recoup bad debts were only implemented last year, and the efficiency of the court system is such that it could take up to 10 years to recoup defaulters� bad debts.

Banks are not interested in holding real estate on their books, since this is a non-performing �dead� asset; they want to recover the money they lent, to lend it to someone else and earn interest on the loan.

Understandable, since they're in the money business, not the real estate business.

Look at the numbers of non-performing loans (still around 43% of total loans issued by local banks), and the high percentage of mortgage defaulters, and that might give you some inkling why banks here have virtually stopped offering new mortgages on real estate.

In Europe, banks can seize collateral property and sell it on fairly quickly. Here, in a depressed property market, even auctions have proven less than totally successful in moving those real estate properties which banks have been able to repossess against defaulting loans. More often than not the few meagre bids have not reached the bank's reserve price, and the bank simply withdraws the property from the auction.

Obtaining a mortgage anywhere will depend largely on the ability of the borrower to repay the loan. This will be evaluated by the lending institution on the basis of stability of employment income and past credit record.

Nowadays, even local business people with good credit records are having great difficulty obtaining mortgages. Typically, they have to show they have at least the value of the mortgage on deposit in the bank already, and are prepared to keep it there as collateral.

So if you're prepared to deposit the value of the property in the bank ­ in her name, of course ­ she might be able to get a mortgage if she has a good employment record and her regular salary is sufficient to repay the loan. And of course the property then has to be in her rather than your name.

But to imagine that an expatriate boyfriend (who could leave the country any time) will be accepted by any bank as guarantor of a mortgage being applied for by a local lass whose employment record comprises working in a go-go bar for a year or two, and whose average bank balance has been perhaps 400 baht a month, is naive in the extreme.

Part 2

Last week I offered my opinion that the only reasonably secure way of protecting your interests if you're thinking of buying a residential property is by forming a company and making yourself sole authorised signatory of that company.

Inevitably, some readers will disagree, and some will undoubtedly be writing vehement letters of protest to the Editor of this publication protesting that they�ve been married to a Thai lady for X number of months/years with no problems whatsoever, and that they're absolutely sure she will never do the dirty on them as regards the property which they've been living in so happily, and which is registered in her name.

Well, if she married a farang some years back, Thai law precluded her continuing to own either land or a house in her name after that marriage was legally contracted. So that would tend to indicate that perhaps the "marriage" wasn't fully legal, or the land title slipped through a bureaucratic loophole somewhere�

(More flurries of protesting letters will undoubtedly be spawned by those remarks!)

Anyway, this unfair law was recently amended, so a Thai wife can now legally continue to own land or a house which she owned before the marriage, without fear that the authorities might negate the land title if ever she tried to sell it. Similarly, a Thai lady legally married to a farang can now own and ­ more importantly ­ register property in her own name.

But like any other valuable investment, putting property in someone else's name ­ no matter how much you may trust them at the time ­ is fraught with danger, and leaves you potentially open to abuse.

Would you rather trust your life-savings to a bank or your housekeeper? I know many of you cynics will say, � Depends on which bank.� But I think you get my drift.

Similarly with your house. There have been far too many reports of gullible farangs being thrown out of the house they paid for ­ with no recourse in law ­ to ignore the fact that it happens. And far more frequently than most macho men would care to admit to their drinking buddies...

Things to consider

Potential property investors ­ here or anywhere ­ should look at five things: long-term demographics, supply, demand, tax, and inflation.

First, let's look at the supply & demand situation in Pattaya. There are far more residential properties available than there are potential buyers. Some have stood empty for years. So, one could reasonably conclude that it is a buyer's market, right? Wrong.

Most people don't like to lose money. And Thai property owners are no different. Having had to pay inordinately high interest rates to the banks if they had a mortgage on their property (which they may still be paying), or a substantial amount of pre-devaluation Baht if they paid cash, they are fundamentally averse to suffering a loss on the property ­ even, it seems, when they start running short of cash.

I know of several cases where people prefer to borrow money on the street� for 4%-5% a month interest, using their property as collateral against the loan, rather than try to raise a loan from a bank (which these days is not only a difficult and lengthy process but might still be refused), let alone sell their property at a loss.

Property prices were expected to drop by some 30% after the economic crisis in 1997. But real estate agents will tell you that property prices have fallen comparatively little in the past three years ­ unless the bank is beating on the owner's door demanding repayment of a non-performing loan. It seems Thai landlords prefer to leave a house vacant than suffer a capital loss on their investment.

Rent or purchase?

Then, look at the ratios between the purchase price being asked and the rental price for the same property.

In the USA and UK, the "standard" rule-of-thumb for value/rental is around 100-120 times. In other words, if your house is worth $100,000 and in a prime location and good condition, you can expect to get

perhaps $830-$1,000 a month rental income from it. (Of course, you have to pay taxes, rates, maintenance costs, insurance, agency fees, etc., so you may end up with only 5%-6% net return per annum on your investment property. In real terms, not a very good nor a very flexible investment. But that�s another subject for another day.)

Here in Pattaya, however, the rule-of-thumb ratio seems to be more like 200 times.

For instance, the "average" shophouse sells nowadays for Bt.1.3-1.8 million, depending on location. Those same shophouses would rent for perhaps Bt.6,500 to Bt.9,000 per month respectively. Which means the purchase price is about 200 times the rental price.

In other words, you would have sunk an amount of capital into buying the property which would be equivalent to paying 200 months� rent (which for those who don�t have a calculator handy is 16 years and 8 months.)

Alternatively, the same Bt.1.3-1.8 million wisely invested in secure medium-risk offshore investments could reasonably be expected to generate an income stream averaging 10% p.a. ­ or Bt.130,000-180,000 a year, while leaving the capital intact and securely yours.

Renting that property for a year would have cost you only Bt.78,000-108,000 from this income-stream, so you would still have money left over for fun or whatever.

Simple arithmetic tells you it makes better economic sense to rent rather than having your capital tied up in a property which is unlikely to appreciate much in value and almost certainly not beat inflation, if past history of the property market is any indication of future trends.

Location, location, location

Another point to consider is location. That property may be located in a "good" area now, but who knows whether that area will have become more popular or less popular 10 years hence?

"Ah," you say, "But that's how I'll make a capital gain!" Yes, if the area improves. But you might have to swallow a capital loss if the area deteriorates ­ and that has happened many times in many "select" spots of Pattaya which are booming one year and deserted the next. (And, I freely admit, vice versa.)

So as far as making a capital gain on an investment property is concerned, that is very much pot luck.

Housing estates and even condominiums are subject to the same whims & fancies, it seems, although admittedly much less than commercial property.

But consider whether you would be content living in the same house in the same location for the next 16 years. Because that's the rental equivalent of purchasing the property outright.

It is more likely that you will want to move to another location ­perhaps quieter, cleaner, newer ­ sometime during that period.

Then you've got the problem of finding a buyer for your house perhaps in a deteriorating neighbourhood� You could easily lose money on your investment if you move, not to mention the taxes you will have to pay either when you sell or buy the house.

Even buying a brand-new condominium has its pitfalls. For instance, in Bangkok there are many blocks of condominiums which went up at the height of the building boom which are standing three-quarters empty, and the owners are now fearful that the lifts, security and maintenance services will be cut off because there is not enough income being generated from management fees to cover the operating costs. How are they going to sell or even rent their condos then?

Fortunately, the situation is not that bad in Pattaya ­ although there are always plenty of condos, houses, commercial shophouses, bars and restaurants for sale to lucky buyers with cash to spend ­ just look at this week's Mail Market section... Or perhaps it's the sellers who are really the lucky ones?

Part 3

In the past couple of weeks I have offered my opinion on buying property in Pattaya, first with regard to protecting your interests, and secondly from the economics standpoint of cost-effectiveness of renting versus buying.

Coincidentally in the interim, there have been a couple of articles in the national press about fraudulent practices that even I was unaware of.

I have also received several enquiries from potential real-estate buyers, who are concerned not only about shady practices that might affect them, but also about the taxes they might be burdened with.

Let's look first at just one of the shady practices that has apparently been going on ­ at least around Bangkok.

Earth moving developments

It has been reported that, in more than one instance, a piece of prime real-estate in a good location was shown to a prospective buyer, and a price agreed. When the land registration deed for the newly-acquired property was subsequently examined, however, the location of the land on the deed turned out to be in quite another area from what the buyer thought he was buying.

Typically, that land was nowhere near the land shown, nor anywhere near its value.

Let me hasten to add that I am not suggesting that this practice has been followed by any Pattaya real-estate firm or property developer, nor any individual seller.

But it is curious that one enquiry I�ve received recently was from a couple (a farang married to a perfectly respectable and charming Thai lady ­ an exception to the typical relationship in Pattaya which I was warning against in the first of this series of articles) who were in the process of buying part of a local housing development, but were experiencing great difficulty getting straight answers from the Thai developer to quite reasonable and straightforward questions.

One of these questions was why the developer was selling a piece of land which happened to have a house situated on it, but there would be no paperwork or deeds pertaining to the house itself.

There may be a perfectly reasonable explanation for this apparently anomalous transaction. But not being in the real-estate business I have not as yet been able to discover the answer (which I suspect has to do with paying taxes ­ or rather not paying them.) I'm sure the Editor will receive a flurry of letters from local real-estate firms regarding this practice, and I look forward to their explanations.

The development in question may indeed be perfectly legitimate, and the Thai developer merely a very shrewd businessman (or rather businesswoman in this case) who was looking to maximise her return from her investment. Or avoid taxes.

However, why she would be unwilling or unable to show the clients a copy of the land title deed (which is a public document available from the Land Registry) is certainly cause for concern in light of the published case mentioned earlier.

Taxing issues

As I pointed out in the first of this series of articles, under the current land ownership laws foreigners cannot own land or houses in their own names. (This may change if a proposed bill is ever passed into law ­ but how long that may take is anyone's guess; the last time property laws changed here it took seven years�)

Hence many foreigners by-pass the protectionist law by purchasing a house through a company. (I gather the Thai authorities are making noises about passing legislation to close this loophole also; but that may also take a long time ­ although when it comes to self-protection, laws seem to be passed here with greater alacrity than when granting concessions. But that's yet another example of TIT ­ "This is Thailand," to borrow Mr Trink�s favourite phrase.)

What many buyers (especially foreigners) fail to take into account are the taxes that become due upon transfer of a property title,however the property is purchased, and no matter whether through a company or in their girl- or boy-friend's name.

Three taxes will have to be paid when the property is bought or sold.

But because of the peculiar local system of taxing property on a rather arbitrary assessed value rather than true market value, these could amount to as much as 30% of the purchase price.

When a tax bill arrives ­ often some two or three months after the sale is completed ­ this could come as a nasty shock to a buyer, since the seller often neglects to mention this liability during the negotiations... (And after all, why should they tell you if you don't already know or ask? As in all business transactions here or indeed anywhere, caveat emptor is the rule: Let the buyer beware.)

In addition, if the house is purchased through a company, one has to bear in mind that corporate tax is higher than personal tax, and the cost of setting up the company has to be considered as part of the initial investment outlay, even if this is a relatively modest additional cost ­ perhaps around $1,000 all told.

An investment or a millstone?

Buying a property to live in is one thing; buying it as an investment is another, whether in Thailand or indeed anywhere.

In the depressed property market currently prevailing in Thailand, homeowners could suffer a considerable capital loss if they sell their properties for what many would regard as true market value. Naturally enough, they are reluctant to do so. This is one reason why property prices have not come down as much as was anticipated after the currency crisis of 1997.

If the homeowner bought the property on a mortgage or financing rrangement, the loss will be compounded by the interest he or she will have paid in the meantime, which until very recently was inordinately high ­ not to mention the taxes that may have to be paid on the property, either by the seller or the buyer.

Thus if you are looking at property purely from an investment perspective, it could take many years for the overall costs to be recovered. Even in developed markets, property values over the long term just about match inflation.

In the meantime, there are all sorts of "charges" on the investment to be considered: local taxes; insurance; maintenance & repair ­ which could be a major expense should the tenants run amok and trash the place, as recently happened to some friends of mine right here in Pattaya!

I know of other cases where a property was bought as a long-term investment, and has become a millstone round the owner�s neck. The property is sitting idle with no prospective buyers in sight, no rental income, but still incurring a tax liability each year. It is therefore a depreciating capital asset which is a drain on resources, rather than an income-generating investment.

At the end of the day, it is entirely up to you whether you buy or rent your home, and this is often an emotive rather than rational decision.

But after taking into consideration the significant capital outlay, bureaucratic complications, peripheral costs, taxes and inflexibility, my advice would have to be "Rent don�t buy."

Edited July 19, 2007 by PattayaAddict

[siddv]

Everyone keeps talkg about what a great investment condo ownership is . Really? Are there a healthy number of farlangs regularly turing over thier units after a few years ownership who are making good returns on thier investment? I don't hear this. I hear about buying condos and living in them forever but I don't here or see much in the way of resale figures.

[Gary A]

I bought my condo about four years ago. I own it in my name. It has nearly doubled in value not even considering the baht/dollar exchange rate. I have had cash offers and it has never been for sale. I rent it to a friend of mine and he would like to buy it. I told him that it would make no sense for him to buy it because of the low rent he pays. He has a two year lease. New developments may or may not ever be completed and they are priced ridiculously high. Many are priced 90,000 baht per square meter and higher. The older units that are owned in a farang name have gone way up in value but are still less than half the price of a new unit in a new development. Would I pay 90,000 baht per square meter? NO WAY!