electau

There were two issues here, one was the employment contracts of Thai staff employed by Jetstar Asia and second was a genuine safety concern by Australian cabin crew due to long shifts on overseas flights on Jetstar from Australia. Separate issues.

To obtain a tax file number you need a current passport and visa. To work you need the correct visa. Immigration, the ATO along with other government agencies use Data matching.

It is not illegal to not have a TFN but tax will be deducted at the max rate if you do not supply one to an employer. To obtain a drivers licence you require 100 points of ID.

False or fraudulent documents are not accepted and all documents can be verified if required.

Australia is developing a DVS Document verification service where documents (Australian) can be verified on line.

The same rates of remuneration must be paid to foreign workers eg under 457 visas for example as are paid to Australians in the same position.

Yes there have been abuses to the system but immigration has been closing these loopholes

Employers have been taken to court for claims of under payment and illegal deductions in many cases.

Jetstar is an Australian company owned by Qantas. It flies Melbourne to Phuket. about a 10 hour flight. They also fly Melbourne to Denpassar (Bali) about a 7 hour flight. Also Sydney/Cairns to Narita (Japan) about 10 hours.

With long shifts they can be problems with fatigue, which can and has caused accidents.

Jetstar Asia is based in Singapore and is part owned by Qantas. It flies Singapore to Bangkok and to many cities in SE Asia. Both Jetstar companies are separate entities. They do not codeshare with each other. There is also a Vietnam operation under the Jetstar name.

Jetstar Australia pays the Australian rates of remuneration to its aircrew and they are subject to Australian income tax and employer superannuation plus any other industrial agreements in force.Payments are in AUD.

The reference was to a Thai Employment Company which is part owned by Qantas which was recruiting Thais for Jetstar Asia. They would be paid at Thai rates of remuneration in THB.

Jetstar does not codeshare with Qantas.

Induction motors will be affected. 60Hz motors will draw excessive current if run on 50Hz supply. the answer is to reduce the line volts to 83.3%, ie from 110 to 90 volts. They will run slower ie from 1800 to 1500rpm for 4 pole motors and 3600 to 3000rpm for 2 pole motors.

If you run a 50Hz induction motor on 60 Hz the line current decreases, magnetic noise increases and speed is increased in proportion.

And be careful of NEMA 2 pin and 3 pin plug tops they fit the TIS socket outlets which are 220 volts.

Processing of the visa 309 application commences on the date it is accepted by DIAC and is issued a file number. The temporary visa is 2 years from this date. Currently the visa application can take up to 10 months for processing. Note "up to" not "exactly" 10months.

A visa might be issued 8 months after the date of application, you will have 16months before applicant can apply for permanent visa 100.

As Bridge states, original in Thai script with a translation in English by a certified translator. Submit both documents with your application. All Thai documents must be translated into English.

This document is most important of them all as it is to do with proving your relationship is genuine.

The original must be in her own words, and she must be aware and responsible for what is contained in that document.

Here is an article on some of the so called "power saver" devices. Informative only.

http://www.negergy.c...er-saver-scams/

There is a device known by the general name of "power saver". it plugs into the socket outlet and the electrical appliance is plugged into the power saver device. It calculates to electricity consumption in watts and the current used, and will calculate consumption in kWh. You use this information to reduce your power bill. The device is rated at 230V 10 amps.

Yeah, brand name 'Kill-A-Watt', have you seen them on sale in Thailand?

I agree with the others, these plug in power savers achieve nothing.

The version I mentioned caculates the power consumption of an individual appliance in kWh.

1. One uses it to calculate kWh, amps load up to 10amps.of a range of electrical equipment in the home. They cost about AUD40.

2. The other version is connected by an electrician to the switchboard and is a wireless device with a range of about 40meters and operates on 433MHz. It will monitor your power consumption with can be downloaded to a computer. With this information you can control your power useage.

Link here, there is a PDF file on them which can be downloaded.

http://www.climatesm...me.com/faq.html

It is this second type that is more interesting for some. They may not be available in Thailand yet.

There is a device known by the general name of "power saver". it plugs into the socket outlet and the electrical appliance is plugged into the power saver device. It calculates to electricity consumption in watts and the current used, and will calculate consumption in kWh. You use this information to reduce your power bill. The device is rated at 230V 10 amps.

Your nationality is what is stated in your passport. You are a British Citizen. However the country you were born in is England. Racially you would be Anglo-Saxon. Race is always difficult to define.

US government debt is 70% of GDP. Greece is 120% of GDP. The US has a political problem not an immediate financial one it can still borrow at 2%. Greece has to pay 10%.

The US has to reform its tax system and its political system.

It should reduce its Goverment debt to 30 % of GDP within 4 years. It can be done. China, a communist country, is financing the US so the US can buy its products as China is export driven.

China is a creditor country, it was virtually bankrupt in 1979.

They can also tell you how many years these overstayers have been here. Many blend in and some have tax file numbers. I would be inclined to set a moratorium on overstayers been here say more than 5 years, as they have more than likely blended into culture and society. The reason I say that is to save Oz money in looking for them. At least it could be one way to flush a lot out and have time to check their credentials.

I am sure the Govt can say that at some point of a person overstaying it becomes near impossible to find them again. That being the case stop throwing good money after bad and get them paying tax and contributing to the country.

This is just my view, and then there is the other side that overstayers don't deserve to be here.

Australia used to have a moratorium on persons illegally in the county but that ended in the late 1980s. It is not impossible to find them. But it does take time and money. They usually get caught when they have to supply the 100 points ID.

..hmmm I read someplace that NZ still has some power distribution networks that use only a single live wire and local neutral grounds ...bit like WW1/2 field telephones...another useless observation maybe..

The SWER HV for distribution to remote rural properties. Uses a 12.7kV single phase 240/480 volt transformer. Limited to about 10kVA in size. One side of the of the HV winding is connected to the transformer tank and is earthed.

Thanks Crossy. I stand corrected.

regarding NZ, there's certainly no requirement for existing buildings to fit an RCD, as no place I've lived in has one. I'll have to ask my sparky friend if it's a requirement for new builds.

What people do use are the plug in "circuit breakers" to use when outside. Can't remember their name now. Certainly easier than the heavy transformers we used to use ( I still do ).

Those "plug in corcuit breakers" are 30mA RCDs.

If anyone has the time or inclination perhaps they would please explain to me why in NZ the neutral wires and the earth bar are connected in the new circuit boxes. I grew up in the old days of wired fuses and seperate neutral/ earth circuits. A few years ago I bought a new 3 breaker box to put in a shed and it had the neutral bar and the earth bar connected. I had to ring a sparky friend to see if that was correct ( it is ), but he didn't explain it to me in a language I could understand ( I'm not too up on technical jargon ).

From the previous discussion it would seem that an RCB would not work in NZ, which might explain why I'd never seen one before.

Thanks.

The neutral bar and the earth bar are connected by a link. This is the MEN link.

RCDs are used in NZ and NZ uses the MEN system. The wiring rules are AS/NZ3000.

The requirement to fit RCDs to older installations in covered by other legislation.

Land & House, Baan Parichart all 160 houses have 8mm2 from meter to MCB

As Electau notes 8mm² is not a standard size, is it possibly imported 8 AWG (which just happens to be about 8mm²)?

Bangkok Cable are rating their 10mm² at 65-80A depending upon fixing and location, significantly greater than the UK and Aussie ratings of 40-55A.

I think I'll stick to the UK ratings.

Under AS3008 two single core 10sqmm V75 cables run directly buried configuration can be rated up to 94 amps and XPLE up to 105 amps. But these are for very short route lengths in meters. And of course are subject to voltage drop requirements. Would not likely be used in practice. And certainly not for consumers mains for residential purposes.

No wonder Thailand has voltage drop problems.

Here is the latest on the subject.

http://www.theage.com.au/travel/travel-news/qantas-gives-itself-warning-on-workers-rights-20110728-1i2bp.html

Stepping back a little: While it is interesting,commendable and perhaps helpful applying western voltage drop formulae to Thai installations, is it not all relative to the supplied voltage? What is the "typical" voltage at the meter...I have noticed it is all over the map below 240v.?

Are not most appliances rated 220-240v? So if you are lucky enough to have an average say of 230v .. theoretically up to 10% to play with?

Maybe I am missing something??

Anyone know what size the electric cos aerial cable feeder is...judging by many posts it may well be somewhat undersized by western calculations...in which case....pearls before swine?

Rotted sisal rope never got any stronger by splicing a length of hi tensile nylon to the end ..lol

All calculations are based on the nominal voltage at the point usually where the service line connects to the consumers mains.

This voltage in Thailand is 220V for single phase. The difference between 220 to 240 nominal is negligible in practice.

It is the responsibility of the MEA/PEA to maintain their supply voltage at the legislative standards with a fixed variance + or - % of the nominal voltage.

AS3000 for instance use 230V as the basis for calculation but 240V was used prior to harmonisation with the IEC. The actual supply voltage in practice to the consumers terminals did not change and voltages is generally 235 to 245V.

Yes, one would agree that voltage regulation is poor in Thailand in practice.

Negligible in practice. 5% of 240 volts is 12 V. 5% of 230 volts is 11.5V. 5% of 220V is 11.0V.

Calculations are based on those voltages irrespective of the actual voltage recorded at any time.

If there are any in the bathroom or other wet area like the laundry when you could lose a little sleep.

Question for Crossy - shouldn't metal junction boxes, wall boxes and metal conduit be earth connected?

All metallic conduits and boxes requite earthing, but in Thailand this is generally not found.

Light fitting do not generally require earthing if above 2.5meters from where a person may be reasonably expected to stand. If fittings not earthed at least install an RCD on the lighting circuit. Light fittings should be earthed if in a defined earthed situation.

Many standards including AS3000 require earthing and RCDs on all lighting circuits.

But remember this is Thailand.

Up to OP to choose according to his max demand, available max meter size in area, and consider budget

Designing a system for "budget" here seems to imply it is acceptable for a house to go into a brownout condition every time electrical use is high resulting in impaired functionality. For a 100M run with 35mm2 cable, a 100A MCB is too large. The cable cannot safely supply that much power.

Central Government approved Moo Baan use 8mm2 for up to 30meters distance from 15/45A meter with MCB 63 Amp

Welcome to Thailand

Voltage drop for a max demand of 45amps using 10sqmm copper over a route length of 30meters is 2.6%

Ther is no size of 8 sqmm in metric cables.

The max demand is actually 63amps if you use the rating of the MCB. In this case the percentage voltage drop would be 3.7%.

I am very curious,

Post #12

"Single phase 100A max demand for a route length of 100 meters 70sqmm copper for 3% voltage drop.For 5% voltage drop 50sqmm copper".

What is an acceptable % drop ?

Australian Standard AS3000 the max voltage drop permitted is 5% from the point of connection of supply to the consumers mains to any point of utilisation within the electrical installation.

Generally 3% is allowed for in the consumers mains and sub mains and 2% in the final subcircuits.

Up to OP to choose according to his max demand, available max meter size in area, and consider budget

Designing a system for "budget" here seems to imply it is acceptable for a house to go into a brownout condition every time electrical use is high resulting in impaired functionality. For a 100M run with 35mm2 cable, a 100A MCB is too large. The cable cannot safely supply that much power.

80 amps over that route length of 100M using 35sqmm cable for a voltage drop of 5%. The MCB would have a rating of 80A max. Voltage drop is the determining factor. For 3% voltage drop a larger size of cable would be required.

Many of the older Thai electrical installations the consumers mains from the metering point terminated in a European type fuse holder (E40) with a bottle type HRC fuse. From there the cabling ran to 2 pole HRC fused knife switches. Some had rewireable fused knife switches The subcircuits were connected to the load side of these switches. There was no main isolator for all of the electrical installation. There was no neutral link or mainearth. MCBs are rated in amps, 10/16/20/32/40/50/63/ 80/100 ( IEC ratings) or older MCBs may be rated 10/15/20/30/60. ( BS and NEC)

The was no neutral link or main earth. Any PE earthing was direct to an electrode.

The protective device for the 4.0sqmm power circuit should not exceed 20A as there is 2.5sqmm cabling connected to it.

You do not have to install solid copper electrodes, 13mm copper clad steel is much cheaper.

The box you refer to could be an RCBO the red button is the test device, but one has to see the unit to make sure.

With regard to the MCB the figures C10 could mean 10amps C frame MCB.

230/400 is the voltage rating.

8000 is the design short circuit breaking current in amps.

3 is the number of poles. This is a bit hard to determine with out seeing the MCB.

L7 unknown value. 10/1/C-6 cannot determine with out seeing item in question.

You will require for an upgraded electrical installation.

Consumers mains minimum 10sqmm copper.

A surface mounted distribution switchboard minimum 12 poles. Use DIN protective devices for MCBs and RCBOs

A main isolator for the installation, this is generally a 2 pole MCB.

30mA RCDs on all socket outlets. Install 3 pin socket outlets. Earth (PE) all exposed metal work of electrical equipment ( A/Cs, pump motors light fittings etc)

Main earth minimum 6mm. PE earth minimum 2.5sqmm if not enclosed in the same sheath as the current carrying conductors, in which case the PE conductor may be smaller ie 1.5 or 1.0 sqmm.

One earth electrode 1.2mm in the ground exposed to the weather. 13mm copper clad steel minimum. ( in your case 2 x 1.0 meter electrodes bonded together).

A minimum of 2 x 20A power circuits and 1 x 10A lighting circuit. Power circuits 2.5sqmm lighting 1.0sqmm minimum.

TT or MEN earthing system,consult with the PEA on this requirement.

Single phase 100A max demand for a route length of 100 meters 70sqmm copper for 3% voltage drop.

For 5% voltage drop 50sqmm copper.

Ref AS3000

Do a max demand calculation first and then approach the PEA for their requirements.