Based on the environment and threats previously listed, no finish will last more than a few years.
Given the high humidity, many thin coats of polyurethane or spar varnish, possibly with a drying accelerant, i would expect would be required based on my experience along the US Gulf coast. Expect to re-coat every few years.
if there are surface oils on the rubber tree wood, a good wipe down with alcohol before applying finishes would be a good idea. An alternative would be a thinned coat or two of shellac as a base.