Iranian dissidents in London warn: ‘nowhere feels safe’

For decades, London has been a refuge for political exiles fleeing authoritarian regimes. But a growing number of Iranian activists, journalists and campaigners now say that sense of safety is rapidly eroding, as allegations mount of intimidation, surveillance and threats linked to the Iranian state reaching deep into Britain.

Many claim the pressure extends far beyond online abuse, creating fears that political repression is crossing borders and following critics into the heart of the UK.

A Sanctuary Under Pressure

Iranian activist Ellie Borhan says years of campaigning against Tehran have transformed her life in Britain. After moving to London two decades ago seeking freedom and security, she now believes she has become a target.

Borhan says threatening messages began arriving in 2022 through social media and messaging platforms. According to her account, the warnings referenced personal routines, locations and individuals connected to her activism, creating fears that she was being closely monitored.

Warnings Reach Beyond the Activists

Security experts and members of London's Iranian diaspora describe what they see as a broader pattern. Critics of the Iranian government report harassment, intimidation and alleged surveillance aimed not only at activists but also at relatives and supporters.

Counter-terrorism specialists have repeatedly warned that Iran-linked threats remain a significant concern in Britain. UK authorities have previously disclosed the disruption of multiple alleged plots targeting individuals regarded by Tehran as opponents of the regime.

For many activists, the greatest pressure comes from concerns about family members still living inside Iran. Several campaigners claim relatives have been questioned or threatened, with warnings relayed back to those speaking out abroad.

The Shadow of the IRGC

The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, commonly known as the IRGC, remains at the centre of many concerns voiced by dissidents.

Campaigners have repeatedly called on the UK government to proscribe the organisation as a terrorist group. Critics accuse the IRGC of playing a central role in suppressing dissent inside Iran and projecting influence beyond its borders.

Counter-terrorism expert Rashad Ali said fears within the Iranian community should be taken seriously, arguing that intimidation can have a chilling effect on free expression even without direct physical violence.

Journalists Face Growing Risks

Persian-language media organisations operating in Britain have also faced heightened security concerns. Broadcasters and reporters critical of Tehran have reported threats, harassment and warnings from security services.

British-Iranian journalist and broadcaster Sima Sabet has publicly described being threatened in London and later receiving further warnings from counter-terrorism police. Incidents involving media organisations have intensified concerns that critics of the Iranian government remain vulnerable even while living overseas.

Fear Becomes the Message

For many dissidents, the issue extends beyond any single threat. Activists say the objective is to create uncertainty and make critics think twice before speaking out.

Some have altered daily routines. Others are considering leaving Britain altogether. Yet many continue their campaigns, arguing that silence would hand victory to those seeking to intimidate them.

For London’s Iranian opposition community, the city remains a centre of activism. But for an increasing number, it no longer feels like a guaranteed place of refuge.

The Iranians fearing for their lives in London