Saudi Arabia outlines reform plan for oil-addicted economy

[webfact]

Saudi Arabia outlines reform plan for oil-addicted economy
ABDULLAH AL-SHIHRI, Associated Press
AYA BATRAWY, Associated Press

RIYADH, Saudi Arabia (AP) — Saudi Arabia unveiled a bold reform plan on Monday aimed at weaning the country off its "addiction" to oil in a bid to prepare the next generation of Saudi leaders for the domestic pressures of youth unemployment and revenues eroded by lower oil prices.

The project, which includes plans to float a stake in the world's largest oil company, Aramco, and set up one of the world's biggest government investment funds, is meant to provide a blueprint for sweeping reforms to steer the OPEC kingdom away from its decades-long reliance on cheap-to-produce oil.

King Salman said in a televised announcement that the Cabinet approved the plan, known as Vision 2030, and called on Saudis to work together to ensure its success.

But it was left to the king's powerful son, Deputy Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, to spell out details in an interview aired shortly after the announcement on Saudi-owned broadcaster Al-Arabiya.

The 30-year-old second-in-line to the throne also serves as the country's defense minister and chairs a committee to oversee economic policymaking. That committee, the Council on Economic and Development Affairs, has been focused on reorienting the kingdom away from its heavy reliance on fossil fuels, creating jobs and boosting foreign investment.

The plan is ambitious. Beyond selling state assets, it includes trimming government perks, like the estimated $61 billion spent annually on energy subsidies that Saudi citizens have become accustomed to and which have helped secure political patronage for the Al Saud ruling family. Just this week, the king sacked the country's water and electricity minister after complaints by citizens online over how increases in water tariffs had been implemented. The Internet is one of the few spaces where people can discuss sensitive issues since there are no political parties and protests are banned.

Though the plan stresses the importance of Saudi women in the economy and expanding their job opportunities, it contained little to suggest the kingdom would accelerate its cautious pace of social reforms. Women were granted the right to vote and run in local council elections for the first time last year, but are still banned from driving and need the approval of a male relative — usually a husband or father— to travel abroad.

Lower oil prices pushed Saudi Arabia into a budget deficit of nearly $100 billion last year and a projected deficit this year of $87 billion. Despite efforts to limit reliance on its main export, oil accounted for more than 70 percent of the state's revenue in 2015.

Masood Ahmed, International Monetary Fund director for the Middle East and Central Asia, said the plan's objective of diversifying the economy away from oil is "exactly the kind of transformation that an economy like Saudi Arabia needs."

"I think the real issue is going to be how to make sure that these very sensible and ambitious objectives can be translated into real changes," he said.

In Monday's wide-ranging interview, the deputy crown prince described the kingdom as having an "addiction to oil" that had hurt development in other sectors and said a planned partial initial public offering of the state-owned oil giant Aramco was part of the reform program.

"The vision is a road map of our development and economic goals," he said. "Without a doubt, Aramco is one of the main keys of this vision and the kingdom's economic renaissance."

He put the estimated value of Aramco at more than $2 trillion and said less than 5 percent would be offered to public shareholders. Subsidiaries of the company would also be part of the share sale, he said.

The Aramco shares would be listed on the Saudi stock exchange, the Tadawul, and on an international exchange, possibly in the United States.

Aramco boasts the world's largest oil reserves and produces some 10 million barrels of crude a day, giving it outsized influence over world energy markets. It traces its history to a 1933 agreement between the kingdom and the Standard Oil Company of California to develop the country's oil reserves, and has been known as Aramco — an acronym for the Arabian American Oil Company —since 1944. The Saudi government took full control of the company in a series of buyouts that ended in 1980.

The prince also outlined plans to develop Saudi Arabia's $160 billion public investment fund and turn it into a $2 trillion sovereign fund that would go into developing the kingdom's cities. It would include cash generated from the Aramco IPO, an existing $600 billion in reserves, and state-owned real estate and industrial areas estimated to be worth $1 trillion, he said.

Jason Turvey, Middle East economist for Capital Economics, said that because plans for the fund reflect a shift of balance sheets rather than any new assets, it will not reduce the government's dependence on oil revenues.

"We don't buy into Mohammed bin Salman's assertion that Saudi Arabia will no longer be dependent on oil by 2020," he wrote.

A Bank of America Merrill Lynch report said the changes under King Salman may herald a much more assertive role for royals in energy policy and cautioned that the concentration of power with the deputy crown prince "could raise a succession risk going forward."

Another major obstacle facing the Saudi monarchy is unemployment, currently at 11.7 percent. The kingdom said it plans to reduce that to 7 percent by 2030 and to boost the private sector to alleviate pressures on the government to absorb its growing workforce.

More than half of Saudis are under the age of 25, and in coming years millions will be looking for work and affordable housing. Currently, 70 percent of Saudis work in the public sector, where the government spends heavily on wages.

The deputy crown prince said another way to drive up non-oil revenue is by boosting the kingdom's own military production. Saudi Arabia was the world's third-largest arms buyer last year, with purchases of more than $87 billion, yet only 2 percent was for locally-produced weaponry.

Vision 2030 sets out a goal of localizing more than half of Saudi Arabia's military spending and creating a military industries holding company that would be initially fully owned by the government.
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Batrawy reported from Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Associated Press writer Adam Schreck in Dubai contributed to this report.


-- (c) Associated Press 2016-04-26

[sanukjim]

So what will they do ,sell sand?

[mgjackson69]

Saudi Arabia's employment problem is that every Saudi male wants to be a manager or work in a government job. None will do any menial or labor type work; nearly 80% of the Saudi workforce is comprised of expats.

Even in the technical fields the vast majority of the workers are expat.

It will be interesting to see how long this welfare state can continue.

[aslimversgwm]

The sooner they are driven back into their tents, where they belong, the better!

[wabothai]

They will have to go to work for a change.

[mgjackson69]

The prevailing attitude of the Saudis seems to be that every one is a member of the royal family, and every Saudi male is certain he is the next crown prince.

[Srikcir]

only 2 percent was for locally-produced weaponry

Oddly, this is an area that Israel can help Saudi. Both countries have been collaborating on security issues.

[Chicog]

As soon as I saw the word "Transparency" mentioned, I realised they were just taking the piss.

They are out to milk as much money out of the country as they can, and when the wells run dry they'll hand the country to the mullahs and escape to the luxury estates they have purchased in every corner of the world.

The same is the plan in the other Gulf monarchies I bet.

[GOLDBUGGY]

Not only is this plan ambitious, it is also unobtainable. Even obtaining this money to diversify away from Oil is a joke. Selling Shares in ARAMCO at these low Oil Prices? Where you can only own up to 5% of this company, so you have no say in how the company is run or ever getting a dividend? Where Company Profit goes to the betterment of Saudi Life? Not Likely!

I agree with most and what was said on this subject. Other than Oil & Gas, and products made for this. like fertilizer and chemicals, what else does Saudi Arabia have to offer? Opening up Red Sea Resorts where you can't gamble or drink alcohol, or even talk to or be with a woman who is not your wife or sister? Making Sand Bags? But even then they would have to import the labor as Saudis' wont do that type of work or even hotel cleaning. They came from tents after living their for centuries before Oil, and they would end up back there again without Oil. That is not Astrophysics!

To add to the problem Saudi's have been encouraged in the past, and government promoted, into having large families. They were even paid a government bonus for every child they had. So this 12% Unemployed is also a false picture as this would not include the female population, (Half) which are still expected to stay at home and raise a family. So now you want to push this Unemployed Saudi into Street Cleaning, or Manual Labor working on Government Roads, and yet pay him enough where he can afford to raise a large family and keep his wife at home. Generally with a Nanny to help out. Not Likely!

The diversification of Saudi Money started a long time ago. When the limited Rich Princes started buying up Real Estate in places like Europe and USA. A second home in Dubai, so they could leave on a drop of a hat. Picking up a few companies and hotels along the way, that were either British, French, or American owned. But for the average Saudi he was stuck at home earning a good living, having government subsidies for most things, and enjoying his trip to Bahrain every once in awhile for some heavy drinking.

Saudi's are not going to want to change very easily as they have already been spoiled for so long, so I expect a lot of trouble coming out of Saudi Arabia before my time is gone.