Traditional road accident investigations focus on assigning blame, which can be helpful in legal proceedings. However, "no blame" investigations take a different approach with the following goals. It involves a scientific understanding of “human error” as a constant in road safety
The idea is safety improvement; by understanding all contributing factors to an accident, regardless of fault, it becomes possible to identify ways to prevent similar accidents in the future. This is basically the same approach applied in accident investigations for industries like aviation and rail.
It requires participation of people involved as the fear of blame can discourage people involved in accidents from cooperating fully with investigations. A "no blame" approach fosters a more open environment where everyone involved feels comfortable sharing information.
Trying to blame an accident entirely on one person of factor is barking up the wrong tree. The aim is to focus on systemic issues. Accidents are rarely caused by a single factor. "No blame" investigations can consider broader contributing elements, like road design, infrastructure issues, or even weather conditions. These are crucial as they lead to repeats of similar incidents.
This approach is based on the idea that most accidents arise from a complex interplay of factors, and focusing solely on blame can hinder efforts to improve overall road safety.