That's like asking: What did you and I do before the Internet was invented?
Of course they walked. Or they didn't go to school at all. My b/f was constantly being dragged out of the village school to take 100 head of buffalo up to the hills for feeding. He learned more up there than he ever did in school - like, not to assemble a pile of Khmer Rouge mortar shells and set fire to them, the explosion of which brought the Thai Army running. ... When he wasn't doing that he was leading his 5 older full-blood sisters & brothers out of school to go swimming in the big lake that had just swallowed up 9/10s of their father's farm ...
A different world. No point in judging it by our smug standards and logic.