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Baghdad piles pressure on Iraqi Kurds to reverse overwhelming independence vote

By Ahmed Rasheed and Raya Jalabi

 

The High Elections and Referendum Commission holds a press conference in Erbil, Iraq September 27, 2017. REUTERS/Alaa Al-Marjani

 

BAGHDAD/ERBIL, Iraq (Reuters) - Baghdad heaped pressure on Iraq's Kurds on Wednesday, demanding they cancel their overwhelming vote for independence while parliament urged the Iraqi central government to send troops to take control of vital oil fields held by Kurdish forces.

 

Stepping up efforts to isolate autonomous Kurdish-held northern Iraq, whose people endorsed secession in a referendum on Monday that angered neighbouring countries, Baghdad demanded that foreign governments close their diplomatic missions in the Kurdish capital Erbil.

 

Final results released on Wednesday showed nearly 93 percent in favour of independence, and 7.3 percent against. More than 3.3 million people, or 72 percent of eligible voters, took part in Monday's ballot, according to the electoral commission.

 

The referendum has stirred fears of a new regional conflict. An Iraqi armed forces delegation headed to neighbouring Iran to coordinate military efforts, apparently as part of retaliatory measures taken by the government in Baghdad following the vote.

 

Iran and Turkey also oppose any move towards Kurdish secession and their armies have started joint exercises near their borders with Iraqi Kurdistan in recent days. Iraq and Turkey have also held joint military drills.

 

Foreign airlines began suspending flights to Kurdish airports after the Iraqi Civil Aviation Authority said on Wednesday that international flights to Erbil and Sulaimaniya would be suspended from 1500 GMT.

 

Kurdish authorities rejected Baghdad's demands that they should annul the referendum as a condition for dialogue and hand over control of their international airports.

 

On Wednesday evening, Kurdish Rudaw TV reported that the Kurdistan Regional Government had offered to hold talks with Baghdad about hosting Iraqi observers at Erbil and Sulaimaniya airports to help defuse the crisis.

 

Turkey, which has threatened to impose sanctions on the Kurds, said its border with northern Iraq remained open, although it may not remain so. The number of trucks passing through had however decreased.

 

TURKISH FEARS

 

Home to the region's largest Kurdish population, Turkey has been battling a three-decade insurgency in its largely Kurdish southeast and fears the referendum will inflame separatist tension at home.

 

For their part, Kurdish leaders in neighbouring Syria said the KRG referendum could bolster their cause for autonomy in negotiations with the Damascus government. Two meetings so far on the matter had gone nowhere, they told Reuters.

 

Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan and Russian President Vladimir Putin, who have stressed the need for Iraq's borders to remain unchanged, will meet in Ankara on Thursday.

 

Russia's interest in the region is growing. Oil major Rosneft <ROSN.MM> is increasing investment in Kurdistan and the Kurds have been developing strong ties with Moscow.

 

The Russian Foreign Ministry warned Iraq and the Kurds against taking any steps that might destabilise the Middle East after the referendum.

 

The Kurds consider Monday's referendum to be an historic step in a generations-old quest for a state of their own.

Iraq considers the vote unconstitutional, especially as it was held not only within official KRG territory itself but also on disputed territory held by Kurds elsewhere in northern Iraq.

 

The United States, major European countries and nearby Turkey and Iran strongly opposed the referendum, which they described as destabilising at a time when all sides are still fighting against Islamic State (IS) militants.

 

Iraqi Kurdish leader Masoud Barzani announced on Tuesday evening that the "yes" vote had won.

 

The outcome has caused anger in Baghdad, where parliament, in a session boycotted by Kurdish lawmakers, asked Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi to send troops to the Kurdish-held region of Kirkuk to take control of its oilfields.

 

Kurdish Peshmerga forces took Kirkuk, a multi-ethnic region, in 2014 when the Iraqi army fled in the face of IS which overran about a third of Iraq. The Kurds prevented Kirkuk's huge oil resources from falling into the militants' hands.

 

"The government has to bring back the oilfields of Kirkuk under the control of the oil ministry," the resolution backed by parliament in Baghdad said.

 

The area, long claimed by the Kurds, is also home to Turkmen and Arab communities, who opposed the independence vote, although the KRG included the area in the referendum.

 

MANDATE FOR NEGOTIATIONS

 

Barzani, who is KRG president, has said the vote is not binding, but meant to provide a mandate for negotiations with Baghdad and neighbouring countries over the peaceful secession of the region from Iraq. Baghdad has rejected talks.

 

Abadi, a moderate from Iraq's Shi'ite Arab majority, is under pressure to take punitive measures against the Kurds. Hardline Iranian-backed Shi'ite groups have already threatened to march on Kirkuk.

 

The Kurds were left without a state of their own when the Ottoman Empire crumbled a century ago. Around 30 million are scattered through northern Iraq, southeastern Turkey and parts of Syria and Iran.

 

The autonomous region they control in Iraq is the closest the Kurds have come in modern times to a state. It has flourished, largely remaining at peace while the rest of Iraq has been in a continuous state of civil war for 14 years.

 

Since the fall of Saddam Hussein, they have had to carefully balance their ambitions for full independence with the threat of a backlash from their neighbours and the reluctance of Washington to redraw borders.

 

In the past four years they achieved a measure of economic independence by opening a route to sell oil through pipelines to a port in Turkey. But that still leaves them at the mercy of Ankara, which draws a firm line at formal independence.

 

The Kurds say the referendum acknowledges their contribution in confronting Islamic State after it overwhelmed the Iraqi army.

 

Iraq's Kurds have been close allies of the United States since Washington secured their protection from Saddam in 1991. But the United States has long encouraged the Kurds to avoid unilateral steps so as not to jeopardise the stability of Iraq or antagonise Turkey.

 

The U.S. State Department said it was "deeply disappointed" by the decision to conduct the referendum, while the European Union regretted that the Kurds had failed to heed its call not to hold the vote.

 

 

(Additional reporting by Maher Chmaytelli in Erbil and Ellen Francis in Beirut; Writing by Giles Elgood; editing by Peter Millership/Mark Heinrich)

 

-- © Copyright Reuters 2017-09-28

[Somtamnication]

Good to know where the next conflict will be. Sigh. 

[NumbNut]

All this was so preventable.

 

Why did the Kurds not got a seat at the Versailles Treaty at the end of WWI? A stupefying short-sighted decision. 

 

Also, the largest ethnic group in the world to be not represented at The UN. And how can a people who estimates put at 30 million be called an ethnic group in the first place?

 

We are still living with the consequences of WWI today

Edited September 28, 2017 by NumbNut

[kamahele]

Normally I wouldn't support the separation of a state along ethnic lines but in this case, who can blame them. They have been treated horribly.

[Hardie]

2 hours ago, heroKK said:

I just wonder why Turkey and Iran does not retaliate quickly before it became too late, the Kurds have a well defined plan of greater Kurdistan, they got a powerful help and push from their very influential ally who is almost the only backing their Independence, nevertheless the defeat of ISIS whom they supported was a major blow to them,  they seems terrified now from the Shia militias approaching their borders, so they want stage up a new conflict and war in the region. how they will cope with the furious Turks is still not very clear.

Kurds kick their fat a$$e$, that's why...

[Scott]

At this point, if Turkey or Iran retaliate, they are attacking Iraq.   The area has not declared itself independent.  

[Stargeezr]

The government of Iraq should not get any American aid, but the Kurds should get all the aid they need to form their own country.

Geezer

[Ron19]

A post promoting a conspiracy theory has been removed.

[Kiwiken]

I guess Baghdad will ask Iran for Sarin Gas to use against the Kurds as Saddam did. And the World will do nothing. Iraq has always been an anomaly now it is just a failed state like Libya, Somalia and Yemen. It is strange when Bosnia, Montenegro, Croatia wanted Independence everyone supported them but when the Kurds, And Catalans want freedom they are greedy. Too many double standards in the International Community

[boomerangutang]

The Turks will most pissed off if the Kurds form their own state.  The Iraqi's 2nd, and Iranians 3rd.

 

I think independence is the right thing to do, but I'd hate to see the bloodshed which would ensue.

 

Interesting that Manafort is actively rooting for a Kurdish independence.  I didn't think I'd agree with Manafort on anything, but it's a weird world we're living in.  Actually, Manafort is probably getting paid to think a certain way.  He doesn't have any ideas without being paid to think them.

[Scott]

Conspiracy posts have been removed along with replies.   For some of these outlandished claims, it might be wise to post a credible source.  

[Johpa]

The idea that the Kurds have some sort of foreign master is laughable. They do have allies where there are common enemies, but the Kurds have been fighting for independence for generations, long predating any foreign assistance.  There is no tail wagging this dog.  And in the Middle East it is well known that every dog has his day.

 

The Kurds suffer the same as do many peoples, such as the Tibetans, because they are out of fashion in the west among the liberal dogmas.  Nobody cares for those out of fashion. There have been few protests, no boycotts. Crikey, one of the few active NGOs in Kurdistan has been FBR out of Mae Sot. Neither the nation-states nor the real masters, the corporate masters, want to open up the can of worms of redrawing national boundaries when the aim is to eliminate such lines on the map. Such lines too often work against profits.

 

 

[Thorgal]

14 hours ago, NumbNut said:

All this was so preventable.

 

Why did the Kurds not got a seat at the Versailles Treaty at the end of WWI? A stupefying short-sighted decision. 

 

Also, the largest ethnic group in the world to be not represented at The UN. And how can a people who estimates put at 30 million be called an ethnic group in the first place?

 

We are still living with the consequences of WWI today

 

Did the Kurds fought against the German and/or Ottoman empire ?

 

The Treaty of Sevres from 1920 was implemented in order to cut or weakening the Ottoman empire in pieces.

Please go to 'Kurdistan'in link below...

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Sèvres