Please note that the period of visa validity is different from the period of stay. Visa validity is the period during which a visa can be used to enter Thailand. In general, the validity of a visa is 3 months, but in some cases, visas may be issued to be valid for 6 months, 1 year or 3 years. The validity of a visa is granted with discretion by the Royal Thai Embassy or Royal Thai Consulate-General and is displayed on the visa sticker. On the other hand, the period of stay is granted by an immigration officer upon arrival at the port of entry and in accordance with the type of visa. For example, the period of stay for a transit visa is not exceeding 30 days, for a tourist visa is not exceeding 60 days and for a non-immigrant visa is not exceeding 90 days from the arrival date. The period of stay granted by the immigration officer is displayed on the arrival stamp. Travelers who wish to stay longer than such period may apply for extension of stay at offices of the Immigration Bureau https://www.mfa.go.th/en/page/general-information?menu=5e1ff6d057b01e00a6391dc5 A Non Imm O visa is valid to enter Thailand for 90 days from the date of issue. On entry you are granted POS for 90 days. Permission of stay stamps are 'permits'. The visa is now 'used' as it was single entry, but your Immigration status is 'Non Immigrant', as opposed to a 'Tourist'. To remain longer than 90 days, you apply at your local Immigration office to extend your POS for a further 1 year, subject to meeting the financial requirements. (Simply referred to as extensions on this forum). You repeat this procedure each and every year to continue extending your permission of stay. In your case, the Non O-A visa is multiple entry (not single entry) and valid for 1 year from the date of issue to enter Thailand. On entry you are granted POS for 1 year, subject to the expiry date of the compulsory Insurance. During the 1 year validity of that visa, you can exit and reenter as many times as you wish and on each new entry you will be granted POS for another year, subject to the expiry date of the Insurance, meaning although the visa is only valid for 1 year, you could possibly remain for almost 2 years. Your visa expires on the 'enter before' date of that visa, after which if you wish to exit and reenter during a second year of POS, you need to purchase a re-entry permit which protects any POS already previously granted. At the end of that 1 or2 year period of stay and you wish to continue remaining in Thailand, then you apply to extend your POS for a further 1 year at your local Immigration office subject to meeting the requirements. The financial requirement is to deposit 800K in a Thai bank account for 2 months prior to submitting the application, with the additional requirement of proof of Insurance (because you entered with a Non O-A visa). There is no compulsory Insurance requirement with the Non O visa, you'd need to exit and kill any remaining POS, obtain and reenter on a Non Imm O visa. I wouldn't worry about what to do later at this stage, plenty to learn beforehand and best to enquire nearer the time. Just get settled in Thailand first.
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