The fallacy of the ‘West versus the rest’ worldview

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The notion of a stark divide between the West and the rest of the world has gained prominence amidst recent conflicts in Gaza and Ukraine. Observers noted a seeming lack of solidarity from non-Western nations towards Western concerns over Russia's invasion of Ukraine and the erosion of international norms. This perspective, characterized by a geopolitical gap between the West and other regions, has been a subject of discussion among policymakers and analysts.

 

However, Brazilian political scientist Matias Spektor challenges this narrative, arguing against the oversimplified dichotomy of the "West versus the rest." He asserts that the concept of the "rules-based order" is not solely a product of Western dominance but has been shaped by global contestation and diplomatic struggles. Spektor highlights the role of former colonies and postcolonial nations in shaping international norms, particularly in areas such as human rights and trade law.

 

Moreover, Spektor contends that great powers, both liberal and revisionist, have the potential to undermine the rules-based order. He points to instances where the United States, during its unipolar moment, deviated from established norms, such as the controversies surrounding the Iraq and Libya interventions. This challenges the perception of the West as a steadfast guardian of international law and order.

 

In the face of rising tensions between democracies and autocracies, Spektor suggests that many nations in the Global South view the conflict not as a binary struggle between democracy and autocracy but rather as a contest between unconstrained power and adherence to global legal norms. He emphasizes the need for Western governments to address accusations of hypocrisy positively, thereby enhancing their international legitimacy.

 

Furthermore, Spektor calls for a reevaluation of the discourse surrounding the "rules-based order," rejecting the notion of a civilizational standard that divides the world into the enlightened West and the backward rest. Instead, he advocates for a universal standard of truth that transcends cultural and national boundaries. This approach, he argues, would foster greater empathy and understanding among policymakers and contribute to a more just and equitable global order.

 

Ultimately, Spektor's insights challenge prevailing narratives and call for a more nuanced understanding of international relations. By acknowledging the complexities and contradictions within the global system, policymakers can work towards a more inclusive and equitable world order based on universal principles of truth and justice.

 

10.04.24

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