The normal Schengen Agreement does not apply to Ceuta. "CHECKS ON EXIT. Ceuta and Melilla are subject to a specific Schengen regime, unique in Europe: Schengen checks are carried out on exit by sea or air, the only two routes available. Therefore, no one can travel from Ceuta or Melilla to mainland Spain without being identified by the National Police at the port or the airport. In addition, ferry operators and airlines are required to verify travel documents." "A DOUBLE FILTER. Spain therefore applies a double filter: one at the border with Morocco, and a second one — the Schengen check — on departure for the mainland, so that irregular entry into the cities never constitutes an entry into the rest of the Schengen area. This has been in place since Spain joined Schengen in 1991, under the Declaration on the cities of Ceuta and Melilla annexed to the Accession Agreement, and it is expressly preserved by Article 41 of the Schengen Borders Code." "RAPID RETURNS. Of the roughly 50,000 people who crossed irregularly on 30 July 2026, more than 48,000 — that is, virtually all of them — had already been returned to Morocco within 48 hours." https://www.exteriores.gob.es/en/Comunicacion/Exteriores-explica/Paginas/2026_Articulos/Ceuta,-Melilla.aspx
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