Report Struggling Cannabis Farms Fear New Regulations in Thailand

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A worker tends to cannabis plants at a farm in Kanchanaburi province, west of Bangkok, Thailand, July 16, 2024. (AP Photo/Sakchai Lalit, File)

 

In Thailand's lush Nakhon Ratchasima region, Somkiat Nitiketkosol is grappling with uncertainty at his cannabis farm, Suan Fah Yim. For years, small and medium-sized growers have faced intense competition, falling prices, and changing government policies. Now, a new challenge looms: the Ministry of Public Health's decision to tighten cannabis regulations.

 

As the ministry moves to reclassify cannabis as a controlled substance for medical use only, with plans to relist it as a narcotic within 45 days, many farmers fear for their future.

 

"We're in limbo," Somkiat says. "Upgrading from GAP [Good Agricultural Practices] to GACP [Good Agricultural and Collection Practices] is costly and time-consuming. It's nearly impossible for small farms like ours."

 

Thailand's cannabis market has seen foreign investors drive prices of cannabis flowers from 500–700 baht per gram to less than 100 baht. "We have to stop planting until the government clarifies its stance," Somkiat explains, worried about potential corruption and exploitation. "Most permits go to big players while small farmers wait, often falling victim to scams," he warns.

 

Somkiat questions the government’s priorities: "Instead of cracking down on illegal sellers, they’re making life harder for honest growers. We need clear laws, not political games."

 

Montri Yiamsungnoen, head of the Korat Loves Cannabis network, faces similar struggles. His group invested over 10 million baht in greenhouses, now growing other crops like morning glory and chillies due to stall in cannabis sales.

 

"We followed the rules, but now we're facing losses," Montri says. His network, comprising farmers, retirees, and even a former deputy governor, seeks government compensation. Despite the hurdles, Montri remains hopeful. "We’re ready to pursue GACP certification for medical-grade cannabis but need clear, fair regulations."

 

Reclassification Risks and Industry Concerns

 

Wisan Potprasat, president of the Community Enterprise Network of Western Herbal Alliances, opposes the reclassification of cannabis as a narcotic. "It would hinder genuine medical use and research," he argues, urging the government to avoid turning cannabis into a political tool.

 

"The industry is already struggling," Wisan continues. "Without systematic solutions, it risks collapsing like past political promises."

 

In Khon Kaen, dispensaries are preparing for changes. Phachara Thaisa, owner of Weed Station, views the regulations as a chance to bring order. "Unlicensed shops have saturated the market. Proper enforcement can elevate the industry," he says.

 

Phachara is ready to hire medical staff and adhere to the prescription-only rule. "Sales might drop, but quality and legitimacy will improve," he believes, though he notes the government must support legal operators with transparency.

 

Assistant Public Health Minister Dr. Thanakrit Jitareerat confirms unauthorized cannabis use is illegal. Only licensed professionals can prescribe cannabis, and recreational use is prohibited.

 

Promises and Concerns for the Future

 

Cannabis holds real medical potential, with thousands of practitioners able to prescribe it. Yet, post-liberalization, easy availability has led to illegal sales and youth consumption, complicating regulatory efforts.

 

Medical experts like Assoc Prof Smith Srisont from Ramathibodi Hospital argue strict controls are necessary to prevent misuse. Meanwhile, advocates like Daycha Siripatra suggest the government's rush to control may be politically driven.

 

Farmers, dispensary owners, and tourism operators seek clear laws and transparent enforcement to transition to a sustainable cannabis sector. "Cannabis can benefit many," says Somkiat, "but only if the government sets the right rules."

 

Minister Somsak Thepsutin acknowledges operators' frustrations over potential reclassification worries. "Medical cannabis businesses will receive our support," he assures, hoping for collaborative solutions to avoid conflicts.

 

"We don’t want to scare entrepreneurs," Somsak adds, emphasizing the need for well-thought-out legislation to support business and investment without causing disruption.

 

As Thailand's cannabis industry faces a crossroads, stakeholders hope for fair, clear, and supportive government action to preserve its potential.

 

  Adapted by ASEAN Now from Bangkok Post 2025-06-27