Heart Attacks Now Top Cause of Death in Prisons

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In a striking shift, the Bureau of Corrections (BuCor) reported that heart attacks have overtaken tuberculosis (TB) as the leading cause of death among persons deprived of liberty (PDLs). This change, observed between 2022 and 2025, challenges previous assumptions about health threats in crowded prison environments.

According to BuCor data, 445 PDLs died from heart attacks compared to just 59 from pulmonary TB. Myocardial infarction now poses the most significant health risk within the confines of the nation’s prisons.

Though TB has long been feared due to overcrowding and poor ventilation, other respiratory illnesses are becoming more prevalent. Pneumonia accounted for 234 deaths, while acute respiratory failure was responsible for 71.

CT/CSupt. Ma. Cecilia Villanueva, the director for Health and Welfare Services, shared these findings with BuCor Director General Gregorio Catapang Jr. The report highlighted that TB remains a major concern but pointed to diverse health issues leading to mortality. Other top causes identified included cerebrovascular accidents (65 deaths), chronic kidney disease (61), electrolyte imbalance (43), sepsis (40), congestive heart failure (35), and anaemia (19).

Villanueva emphasised BuCor’s continued efforts to manage TB, working alongside various governmental and non-governmental organisations. Programmes aim not just at treatment but also at preventing TB's spread.

Several measures are in place:

• TB Screening: Freshly admitted PDLs undergo TB screening at Reception and Diagnostic Centres.
• Regular Screenings: Mass screenings and active case finding continue regularly.
• Education and Treatment: Educational sessions focus on TB prevention and management, while anti-TB medications and nutritional supplements are provided.
• Health Monitoring: Continuous oversight by health officers from the Tuberculosis Treatment Unit ensures proper care.

These efforts represent a comprehensive approach striving to keep TB and other health concerns in check within correctional facilities.

This shift in leading causes of death raises questions about lifestyle, stress, and healthcare access in prisons. It prompts a reevaluation of current health strategies to address broader medical needs.

With such data coming to light, it remains crucial for authorities to adapt and refine health programmes, ensuring robust responses to these evolving challenges amidst ongoing efforts to improve conditions.

As BuCor continues its work, this pressing issue underscores the need for sustained attention and resources towards improving overall health care in prison systems, both preventing and managing conditions like heart disease and ensuring the well-being of all individuals under their care.

  Adapted by ASEAN Now from PNA 2025-08-21