https://www.drugabuse.gov/news-events/news-releases/2021/10/people-with-substance-use-disorders-may-be-at-higher-risk-for-sars-cov-2-breakthrough-infections

 

An analysis of electronic health records of nearly 580,000 fully vaccinated people in the United States found that the risk of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection among vaccinated patients with substance use disorders was low overall, but higher than the risk among vaccinated people without substance use disorders. 

 

People with substance use disorders—such as alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, opioid, and tobacco use disorders— also had elevated rates of severe outcomes, including hospitalization and death, following breakthrough infections.

It also says this:

 

"The study suggests that the increased risk of breakthrough infections in people with substance use disorders was primarily due to co-occurring diseases and adverse socioeconomic characteristics. When these factors were controlled for, people with most substance use disorders no longer had elevated rates of breakthrough infections. "