Introduction to Personal Income Tax in Thailand

[chiang mai]

2 hours ago, Jingthing said:

You're touching on another aspect of interest to me.

 

Examples.

 

Withdrawal 10k from Traditional IRA.

 

10k taxable in the US.

 

10k taxable if sent to Thailand.

 

 

Withdrawal 10k from Roth IRA.

 

Zero.taxable in the US.

 

10k taxable if sent to Thailand 

 

Double taxation rules may apply but not exempt like social security.

 

Now the source of the 10ks within the retirement accounts could be a single stock or a complex mix of stocks, bonds, mutual funds, etfs, etc. Each source element within would have a profit or loss basis.

 

However it is my understanding that as these are classed as pensions not regular investments that the taxable number of relevance would be the full 10k and not the profit on the source investments if any. Unlike if you held the same investments outside the retirement accounts in which case capital gains would be the thing to look at upon sale.

 

Your post above suggests differently.

 

Still seeking a definituve answer on this.

 

 

 

 

Indeed this is all very confusing. As you say, 100% of the income is taxable, if it is classed as pension income but if stocks or bonds, only the gain is taxable (allegedly), which if correct, appears to penalise pension income, which certainly can't be right. The bottom line is that we don't have enough information regarding the TRD treatment of these instruments and guessing at the answer or adopting home country solutions, probably isn't helpful.

 

 

 

 

[OJAS]

20 hours ago, jwest10 said:

no it is the 90 form if it ever gets updated.

 

That would appear to imply that it would be pointless for the TRD to continue with the PND91 form since no-one would be able to use it in practice!

 

[potless]

19 hours ago, chiang mai said:

I have to back track on my recent posts on the subject of foreign currency accounts, I think I may have intermingled two different scenarios' in what is a complex and confusing picture. 

 

Resident Foreign Currency Account

 

Funds arriving in the account are assessable when they are deposited into the account. This is because the account is nothing more than a facility to hold a range of currencies, without any special tax treatment.

 

Non-resident Foreign Currency Account

 

This type of account not only holds a range of currencies but also shares some of the characteristics of an offshore account in that a) the funds are no0t assessable to Thai tax B) the funds can be freely transferred out of Thailand, without regard to BOT normal funds transfer rules. The funds in this account are only considered to be "fully onshore" for tax purposes, once they are converted to THB and withdrawn.

 

Issues arise when a non-resident becomes resident and the bank is unaware.

 

My apologies for my error and incomplete explanation.

Interesting. No apology necessary. I was totally unaware of the scenarios you describe. The account I opened many years back would  certainly have been a non resident account. Nonetheless, I will convert into Baht this year. Thanks.

[jwest10]

4 hours ago, OJAS said:

 

That would appear to imply that it would be pointless for the TRD to continue with the PND91 form since no-one would be able to use it in practice!

 

Most retires  do not have a job here in Thailand but those that do would use the 91 form but most of us if ever get these forms then it is the 90 form but most are waiting and see.

[Jingthing]

12 hours ago, gamb00ler said:

On this matter I would consider how TRD treated these withdrawals PRIOR to the recent change in treatment of prior year's earnings.

 

I believe that in 2023 and before, the TRD did not consider those withdrawals as assessable income when remitted to Thailand.  I think TRD's treatment of those withdrawals has not changed.

Honestly I don't know of even one retired expat who filed Thai taxes referring to international transfers up till now. WHY? Because of the famous loophole wide as the Holland Tunnel about money from previous years always being exempt. So transfers of things like pensions was really OFF THE RADAR of both expats and I think TR as well.

But that rule has changed. 

So while I get what you're saying, I don't think it's really relevant to the CURRENT situation. 

[Jingthing]

11 hours ago, chiang mai said:

Indeed this is all very confusing. As you say, 100% of the income is taxable, if it is classed as pension income but if stocks or bonds, only the gain is taxable (allegedly), which if correct, appears to penalise pension income, which certainly can't be right. The bottom line is that we don't have enough information regarding the TRD treatment of these instruments and guessing at the answer or adopting home country solutions, probably isn't helpful.

 

 

 

 

Indeed indeed. but for now , I'm pretty sure that IRAs and 401Ks will be classed as accessible pension income and the FULL AMOUNT of withdrawals will be the relevant number as far as the portion of that FULL AMOUNT remitted to Thailand.

 

This video gets into this fairly well.

 

If anyone has any evidence that IRAs and 401Ks can be accounted for in a cost basis profit/loss manner as non retirement account investments are, please post it. 

 

I'm not pretending to be any kind of expert.

 

I'm just trying to figure all this stuff out so I can tax plan better.

 

On the IRA/401K thing, I'm sure these answers will be of interest to the majority of retired American expats in Thailand.

 

Some good news in the video.

It implies because of the DTA that IF you must pay tax in Thailand on any of these vehicles you can get a credit back from the U.S. Apparently under the DTA ONLY THAILAND has a claim to tax these vehicles. It implies for example that if you must pay Thai tax on your Roth IRA withdrawal which is tax free in the U.S. that you can file for that money to be refunded to you by the IRS.

 

 

[gamb00ler]

10 minutes ago, Jingthing said:

So while I get what you're saying, I don't think it's really relevant to the CURRENT situation. 

TRD basically said that any income earned outside Thailand from 2023 and before will never be assessable whether remitted or not.  I cannot see them now treating income from 2020 that spent some portion of the intervening time in an IRA/SEP/401K differently.

[Jingthing]

6 minutes ago, gamb00ler said:

TRD basically said that any income earned outside Thailand from 2023 and before will never be assessable whether remitted or not.  I cannot see them now treating income from 2020 that spent some portion of the intervening time in an IRA/SEP/401K differently.

That is about money in the bank.

IRAs and 401ks are very specialized, very rules based retirement accounts.

They are in no way bank accounts.

Until someone has some evidence from Thai tax experts that says differently, I don't see any evidence that the balance of retirement accounts classed as accessible PENSIONS in Thailand on December 31, 2023 is exempt at all. 

The taxable event happens when you make a withdrawal. 

 

It should be noted here that non-retirement account investments (stocks, bonds, real estate) etc. are definitely not looked at as far their book value of December 31, 2023.

 

If you had a stock for 50 years and sold it now for a profit, the cost basis would be from 50 years ago. Not the price on December 31 2023

 

I encourage people who are engaging with Thai tax experts to ask this specific question and share.

 

We are all still learning. 

[JimGant]

18 minutes ago, Jingthing said:

That is about money in the bank

Says who? Expattax alludes to this. So does Chiang Mai, on this forum. I can't find any TRD backup for this. If I could, I'd withdraw all my arguments. But to say, all that pre 2024 income must be held in a savings account, in order to be non assessable from Thai taxes, is ludicrous. Look at Por 162 again:

Quote

POR 162 says that the assessability of foreign income earned before 31/12/2023 shall not be enforced.

How does that translate into: To comply, that income must be held in a bank account. Maybe logic would say it must be held in a financial account, allowing for liquidity or near liquidity (for whatever that's worth). But certainly, if liquidity was a requirement, I'd be allowed -- to realize greater interest -- to move that income from a savings account, to a brokerage, or to buy CDs -- or to an IRA account, to have US taxes deferred. Certainly TRD isn't putting out restrictions on what I can earn from where I park that pre 2024 income..... Somebody's certainly misinterpreting what they thought TRD said about: Must be kept in a bank or savings account. Or TRD is bonkers..... (rhetorical).

 

Anyway, I have an LTR visa, so this discussion is moot. But for Jingthing -- it won't likely make a hill of beans whether or not your IRA remittance is covered by Por 162, or not. If it is, then Thailand can't tax it -- but the US taxes it in full, without any Thai tax credit deductions. But, if Por 162 isn't a player, then the DTA takes full affect -- and Thailand has primary taxation authority on your IRA remittance -- but because of the saving clause in the DTA -- the US has secondary taxation rights, but has to absorb a tax credit for the Thai taxes. Bottom line: Only in the latter example, if Thai taxes exceed US taxes, will your total tax bill exceed US taxation only.

[chiang mai]

1 hour ago, JimGant said:

Says who? Expattax alludes to this. So does Chiang Mai, on this forum. I can't find any TRD backup for this. If I could, I'd withdraw all my arguments. But to say, all that pre 2024 income must be held in a savings account, in order to be non assessable from Thai taxes, is ludicrous. Look at Por 162 again:

How does that translate into: To comply, that income must be held in a bank account. Maybe logic would say it must be held in a financial account, allowing for liquidity or near liquidity (for whatever that's worth). But certainly, if liquidity was a requirement, I'd be allowed -- to realize greater interest -- to move that income from a savings account, to a brokerage, or to buy CDs -- or to an IRA account, to have US taxes deferred. Certainly TRD isn't putting out restrictions on what I can earn from where I park that pre 2024 income..... Somebody's certainly misinterpreting what they thought TRD said about: Must be kept in a bank or savings account. Or TRD is bonkers..... (rhetorical).

 

Anyway, I have an LTR visa, so this discussion is moot. But for Jingthing -- it won't likely make a hill of beans whether or not your IRA remittance is covered by Por 162, or not. If it is, then Thailand can't tax it -- but the US taxes it in full, without any Thai tax credit deductions. But, if Por 162 isn't a player, then the DTA takes full affect -- and Thailand has primary taxation authority on your IRA remittance -- but because of the saving clause in the DTA -- the US has secondary taxation rights, but has to absorb a tax credit for the Thai taxes. Bottom line: Only in the latter example, if Thai taxes exceed US taxes, will your total tax bill exceed US taxation only.

I think that in  order to decide what it is, you first have to decide what it isn't. Using that logic I conclude that those accounts are not cash and not freely convertible, by default they more closely resemble capital investments and the tax treatment of them is probably no different from that of any other form of markets based investment that incurs a capital gain. If the account was real estate, it also could have a valuation dated at year end, making past profit income free of tax under Por 162. But because you are unable to ring fence that income, the following day, on 1 January 2024, the value of the property increases and you have commingled funds.  

 

 

 

[oldcpu]

53 minutes ago, chiang mai said:

I think that in  order to decide what it is, you first have to decide what it isn't. Using that logic I conclude that those accounts are not cash and not freely convertible,

 

 ... and if they were 100% in cash on 31-Dec-2023? Do you still hold that opinion?

 

How about 95% in cash? Do you still hold that opinion?

 

How about 85% ?  75% ?  50% ?  25% ?

 

I think you see my point.