The proposal follows a change in how the Defence Department now reports US casualties for the conflict. ABC News reported last month that the Pentagon began shifting deaths and injuries from a single cumulative tally into a broader new category called “Overseas Operations”, rather than maintaining a continuous, trackable total tied to the war itself.
Pentagon Reclassified Deaths and Injuries
Duckworth, a Democrat from Illinois, said she has lost confidence in Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth’s transparency about the human cost of the campaign.
Duckworth served as an Army helicopter pilot in the Iraq War and was severely wounded, losing both legs and damaging her right arm. In an interview with ABC News, she said she does not have confidence that the Pentagon, and Hegseth in particular, are being honest with the public about the war’s toll.
She argued that, historically, the number of US troops killed and wounded has provided the clearest public indication of a conflict’s cost.
The Pentagon’s shift breaks the reporting into separate “accounting buckets”. Under the new category, which a US official said covers the area of responsibility of US Central Command since July 7, all US military deaths and injuries are included across a wider region—covering the Middle East, Egypt and parts of Central and South Asia—rather than isolating casualties specifically from the Iran conflict.
Defence Casualty System and Unusual Split
The Pentagon change follows a period when casualties were recorded earlier in the campaign under a different accounting approach. Acting Pentagon Press Secretary Joel Valdez at the time said the change was due to technical issues.
The Defense Casualty Analysis System is the federal government’s authoritative public record of war dead and wounded in major conflicts. The database is maintained using casualty reports submitted by the military services.
Separating a war into distinct phases for casualty accounting is described as unprecedented and could make it harder to produce a clear, cumulative picture of the conflict’s human toll. As of Thursday morning, 18 US troops had been killed and at least 689 wounded since the war began in February.
If passed, Duckworth’s bill would require the Pentagon to combine all casualty records for the Iran war into a single count and to notify next of kin of any corrections.
War Powers Row Over “New Phase” Claim
The accounting change is linked to the Trump administration’s position that Operation Epic Fury, the Iran war’s original namesake, ended in May and that fighting resumed daily on July 7 as a new phase.
Trump has argued that the resumption restarts the 60-day limit on waging war without congressional approval, an interpretation of the War Powers Resolution that has drawn concern from national security experts and lawmakers.
Katherine Yon Ebright, a war powers expert at the Brennan Center for Justice at New York University, said the division between “Operation Epic Fury” and “Overseas Operations” reflects a legal attempt to get around constraints in the War Powers Resolution.
Scott Anderson, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution, said that since late February, US troops have remained in areas where hostilities were ongoing or imminent, adding that the War Powers Resolution focuses on such conditions.
Yon Ebright cautioned that even the public-facing database is inherently imperfect, noting that conflicts have become more ambiguous than wars in the 20th century.
Oversight Investigates Database Changes
Democrats on the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, the main investigative arm in that chamber, are investigating changes to the Defence Department’s casualty database. The committee asked for a complete record of every modification made to the database, with a deadline of August 18 for the Pentagon to respond.
In a letter to Hegseth, the ranking Democrats on related House panels—Representative Robert Garcia of California and Representative Suhas Subramanyam—said the timing raises “grave possibility” that the department created the new category to support an illegal attempt to defy the War Powers Act in order to continue the war.
The Pentagon has released limited information about US troops killed or wounded in the conflict, offering few details about where casualties occurred or the circumstances surrounding them. The department has also largely limited public scrutiny by declining to hold regular press briefings or to answer sustained questions from reporters; it has not held a formal press briefing on the war since early May.
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6 August 2026
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