It's a myth that Muslims, Christians and Jews lived "peacefully" in Palestine before the founding of the state of Israel. Non-Muslims were at best second-class suhjects (dhimmis) who were victims of pogroms from time to time. You can read the details in these scholarly articles: History of Muslim-Jewish Conflicts: From the 7th Century to Today https://sephardicu.com/sephardic-history/history-of-muslim-jewish-conflicts/ Pogroms in Palestine before the creation of the state of Israel (1830-1948) https://www.fondapol.org/en/study/pogroms-in-palestine-before-the-creation-of-the-state-of-israel-1830-1948/ Jews in the Ottoman Empire had been subject to the following restrictions, among others: A special tax (the jizya) as well prohibitions against carrying arms; riding horses; building new houses of worship or repairing old ones; public processions and worship; and building homes higher than Muslim ones. In some areas, Jews were required to wear distinctive clothing. Jews were also restricted from entering most occupations and professions. http://jewishhistory.research.wesleyan.edu/i-jewish-population/5-ottoman-empire/ The PLO formed alliances with Lebanese Muslim and leftist groups against Christian groups, destroying the previous balance of power in Lebanon. Jews were caught in the middle. The PLO set up a "state-within-a-state" in southern Lebanon from which it launched rocket and artillery attacks on Israel as well as infiltration missions. Israel invaded Lebanon to stop these attacks, with the goal of bolstering a Christian government that would expel the PLO and Palestinian refugees from the country. The goal was never to take over land from Lebanon but only to make the northern border with Israel more secure. It's not unusual in war that some countries suffer much higher civilian casualties than others. In WWII, an estimated 1.5 to 3 million German civilians were killed, about 30% children under 18. Between 500,000 and 800,000 Japanese civilians lost their lives, with 40% children. The U.S. lost between 1,200 and 12,100 civilians, depending on how civilian is defined. The higher figure includes 9,500 Merchant Marine seamen lost at sea as well as civilians working in combat zones. Only six American civilians died on Continental U.S. soil through enemy action, teacher and five students killed by a Japanese balloon bomb in Oregon. By any measure, U.S. civilian losses were tiny compared to Germany and Japan and infinitesimal compared to China or the Soviet Union. The reason is simple. Aside from Pearl Harbor, there was very little combat in areas with U.S. civilians and U.S. civilians weren't subjected to aerial bombing. Israeli civilians are vulnerable, but have had a better situation than Palestinians, so their deaths and casualties from military action are much lower,
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