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Thailand moves to ban recreational cannabis use, 18 months after historic decriminalization
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34
Breaker box look correct?
Pretty sure the original wiring is blue, white, and brown.. black is either a single new circuit to an outlet ot the only wire they had to add ground later. Look in the top left you see 2 black wires coming in. Those are ground. As is that green and yellow. Now if you're a Thai contractor who routinely does electrical and everything else but are not an electrician and they're using the top bar as a neutral where are you going to connect your grounds? It is al too common in Thai wiring to have neutral ground as it is typically a single provincial home experience. But this is inside of a building. The beginning reality of neutral bonded to ground is the issue. Yes, whoever added ground should have fixed it the original installer didn't know the rest why would any untrained electrician as most contractors are untrained reading books doing their best. For that matter the complaints of needing ground especially when the new aircon was making more high voltage effects on metal surfaces (stray currents?) to where touching an appliance was painful... An air conditioner without a ground wire is bad enough.... Let's consider some sources I am finding based on this convo... The AC still has no ground at all and thus the neural is bonded to ground. Effects on Air Conditioning Units without Proper Grounding: Ensuring proper grounding and bonding in air conditioning (AC) systems is crucial for safety and optimal performance. In Thailand, electrical installations must comply with the Electrical Installation Standard for Thailand (EIT Standard 2001-56), which mandates that the neutral (N) and ground (PE) conductors be bonded together only at the main distribution board (MDB). This practice aligns with the TN-C-S system, prevalent in Thailand. RMUTL Blog • Increased Wear on Compressor and Motors: Without proper grounding, AC compressors and motors can experience stray voltage and current, leading to overheating, insulation breakdown, and eventual failure. The ASHRAE Handbook—HVAC Systems and Equipment emphasizes the importance of proper grounding to prevent such issues. • Impact on Electrical Components (Capacitors and Relays): Capacitors, which provide the necessary starting torque for motors, are sensitive to ungrounded or improperly grounded circuits. Lack of grounding can cause capacitors to overheat or rupture, affecting the entire system's operation. Proper grounding practices are detailed in the ASHRAE Handbook—HVAC Systems and Equipment. • System Flooding and Electrical Arcing: Improper grounding increases the risk of electrical arcing, which can damage refrigerant lines and cause system flooding due to leaks or poor condensation drainage. The ASHRAE Handbook—HVAC Systems and Equipment discusses the importance of grounding in preventing such hazards. Why a New Air Conditioner Without Proper Grounding Is More Dangerous than an Older Unit New air conditioning systems pose a greater risk of shocks and electrical hazards when installed without proper grounding compared to older units. Here’s why: ________________________________________ 1. Advanced Electronics Are More Vulnerable • Sensitive Components: o Modern air conditioners use advanced electronics, including: Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) for motor speed control. Inverter technology for energy efficiency. Sensors for precise temperature and humidity regulation. o These components require precise grounding to prevent electrical anomalies, which can create hazardous conditions like voltage leaks or stray currents. o Why It’s More Dangerous: Advanced electronics amplify electrical imbalances, creating higher risks of shocks to users and technicians. o Source: (Pumps & Systems) ________________________________________ 2. Stray Currents Are More Severe • Mechanism: o Without grounding, stray currents have no safe path to dissipate, leading to: High voltage buildup in metallic parts, such as the chassis, compressor, and fan housing. Potentially lethal shocks when these parts are touched. o Modern units, with their higher power demands and electronics, generate larger stray currents than older systems. o Why It’s More Dangerous: The lack of a ground wire exacerbates the risk of severe electrical shocks, especially during maintenance or usage. ________________________________________ 3. Increased Risk of Electrical Arcing • How It Happens: o Newer units use higher efficiency components that operate at variable speeds. Without proper grounding, these variations can cause electrical arcs in: Circuit boards. Junction boxes. Wiring connections. o Why It’s More Dangerous: Electrical arcs can ignite surrounding materials, increasing the risk of fire. o Source: (ASHRAE Handbook) ________________________________________ 4. Higher Operating Voltages • Voltage Demands in New Systems: o Without grounding, voltage irregularities can create severe overcurrents, damaging components and increasing shock risks. o Why It’s More Dangerous: Older systems with simpler designs and lower power demands were less likely to generate high overvoltages during faults. ________________________________________ 5. Metallic Casings and Safety Features • Metal Components: o Modern units often have metallic outer casings or enclosures for durability and heat dissipation. o In the absence of proper grounding: Stray currents can charge the casing, turning the entire unit into an electrocution hazard. o Why It’s More Dangerous: Older units, often made of plastic or insulated materials, presented a lower risk of conductive shocks. • Disabled Safety Features: o Many modern ACs include safety mechanisms, such as: Ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs). Surge protection. o These features rely on proper grounding to function. o Why It’s More Dangerous: Without a ground wire, these safety systems may fail, leaving users unprotected. ________________________________________ 6. Ionization Effects • Static Buildup: o Faulty grounding in modern units can lead to ionization of internal components, creating static charges on surfaces. o Why It’s More Dangerous: This can cause shocks during routine contact and increase wear on electrical components, further amplifying risk. So OK do we know why I didn't touch my cook so, television, computer so I have no choice to install ground wires because ground wires are "not a major repair," when major can be any definition the owner wants? -
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133
Poster of the Year 2024
Look at you NowNow, obsessed and you can't stop. You always outnumber everybody else's posts on every topic that you hijack like this one. You really need to get a life, some friends and a woman, or even a man if that's what you prefer. But do something to save yourself. -
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133
Poster of the Year 2024
Do you not have any friends in real life? Serious question. -
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Thailand Announces New Minimum Wage Increase for 2025
https://www.epi.org/publication/immigration-labor-standards-enforcement/ -
133
Poster of the Year 2024
No, you sad character. It's just you being obsessed with someone's online persona. So much so that you introduced them into this topic even though they haven't posted for more than a month(I checked). Why would you do that? It's all in your head. You have the nasty Troll thoughts and you are using an imaginary character to express your own thoughts. You are the nasty troll 😊 You are obsessed with them. All whilst you are sucking daily on the weed of the supplier they introduced to the forum. That must burn 😊 -
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Progressive Lens Prescription
I ordered a pair of polarised sunglasses from Zenni, using my usual prescription. Arrived in a week, look great. Wore them for driving first time and, bloody hell, rainbows in the sky, and on the road in front. WTF I said to myself. Stopped and looked at the sky from outside the car = no rainbows. The glasses were interacting with the film on the windscreen. Chatted with Zenni, saying that it was distracting from my driving. Full refund minus $10 postage.
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