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The EU's Struggle with Identity: A Shift Towards Xenophobia and Ethnic Nationalism?


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A recent report by the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR) and the European Cultural Foundation (ECF) warns that the European Union (EU) is increasingly adopting a more closed and ethnocentric understanding of “Europeanness,” a shift that could threaten the very fabric of the European project. This shift towards xenophobia, bolstered by rising far-right political influence and declining youth engagement, challenges the EU’s foundational values of universalism, equality, and secularism.

 

The report, shared exclusively with *The Guardian*, identifies three core blind spots across the bloc: the overwhelming “whiteness” of EU politics, low engagement from younger voters, and a lukewarm pro-Europeanism in central and eastern Europe. These elements, the report argues, are converging to produce a more ethnic and exclusionary sentiment in the EU, risking the erosion of the bloc’s core principles.

 

Pawel Zerka, the report’s author and a senior ECFR policy fellow, states, “If the economy is the EU’s engine, then ‘European sentiment’ should be seen as its fuel. And what is currently happening to European sentiment requires urgent attention – otherwise we risk running out of fuel, or running on dirty fuel.” This “European sentiment,” according to Zerka, embodies the sense of belonging to a shared future and common values. Yet, these values are being questioned, especially in light of rising xenophobia and the EU’s apparent lack of diversity.

 

While there is evidence of continued trust in the EU across its member states—evidenced by a 51% voter turnout in this year’s European Parliament elections—there are growing signs of dissatisfaction. Many feel excluded or disconnected, particularly people of color, Muslims, and young voters. The report highlights how Muslims have been alienated, especially following a surge of xenophobic rhetoric after the Hamas attack on Israel in October. Far-right political victories in France, Italy, Belgium, and Hungary have amplified anti-immigration and anti-Muslim sentiments across the continent, further stoking the flames of exclusionary politics.

 

The report also points to the underrepresentation of racial and ethnic minorities within EU institutions, noting that only 3% of Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) come from these groups, despite making up 10% of the EU population. This lack of diversity, when compared to more inclusive arenas like the Eurovision Song Contest or European sports, underscores the EU’s struggle to reflect the demographics of its citizens.

 

In central and eastern Europe, pro-European sentiment is waning. Voter turnout in EU elections in this region remains low, with Euroscepticism on the rise in countries like Slovakia, the Czech Republic, and Croatia. Similarly, although younger voters are typically more tolerant and pro-EU, they are increasingly disillusioned with mainstream politics, often turning to radical right or left-wing parties, further complicating the EU's future.

 

Zerka’s report, titled *Welcome to Barbieland*, draws a parallel between the EU’s idealized vision and the harsher reality that is emerging. The report warns that the EU’s identity could shift towards a more ethnic-based conception of Europe, in which xenophobia flourishes unchecked. To counter this, the report urges political parties to diversify their voting bases, engage young people more actively, and resist the temptation to remain silent on issues like migration and diversity.

Ultimately, the EU must take decisive action to reclaim its founding values, or it risks either a collapse of its sentiment entirely or, worse, seeing that sentiment survive only in a closed and xenophobic form.

 

Based on a report from: The Guardian 2024-09-27

 

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  • Haha 2
Posted

It looks as if in the EU the pendulum of history is switching back to the situation of the 1930ies ....it was a Europe of totally indepentent nations (cfr to Brexit in the UK) whereby every nation took care of itself ....In contrast came the period after World War II whereby in Europe first the French and the Germans and then others got the pendulum swinging to cooperation and integration in what is now the EU with a gigantic bureaucry.

  • Agree 1
Posted

"Anything that can't grow anymore will decay and die. The EU can't grow anymore. It will die."

 

The ultimate goal of any bureaucracy is expansion of its own power. The EU seems to have reached 'peak power grab', any new attempts to extends its tentacles will be rebuffed by member states.

 

I don't think it will die,  It will ensure its own survival in a different form. Perhaps, as suggested above, we might even go back to a common market!

 

 

  • Agree 1
Posted
7 hours ago, JonnyF said:

Typical Guardian pearl clutching. 

 

Right wing parties are gaining ground because of the complete failures of the left on immigration, resulting in some European cities now resembling a more violent version of skid row. 

 

Murray predicted this. Nobody listened. They made their bed, now they have to lie in it. 

 

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Please, Don’t  ever stop ringing the bells about the crisis !

 

Murray is a national treasure imop

  • Agree 1
Posted
2 minutes ago, Cameroni said:

 

Well, the Dexit is not off the cards, though I would not bet on it the next 3 years. Unfortunately the Euro is now so linked with other currencies, to return to the Deutsche Mark could be a problem. That in itself would be a hugely popular policy among voters over 40 though. If a party ran on bringing back the Deutsche Mark they would almost be certain to win. But it is not going to to happen.

 

If Germany quits the EU, or v.v, then Germany may need to drop the Euro and revert to the DM anway. Germany still has its Bundesbank and old DM coins or bills are still accepted for exchange (into Euros) at Bundesbank  branches today.

 

Difficult? Very.

Impossible? Don't think so.

 

 

  • Like 1
  • Agree 1
Posted

This is also a part of Trump's vision for the USA. Hopefully, he won't get re-elected and will not have the opportunity to act on itl

  • Confused 3
  • Haha 2
Posted
15 hours ago, JonnyF said:

Typical Guardian pearl clutching. 

 

Right wing parties are gaining ground because of the complete failures of the left on immigration, resulting in some European cities now resembling a more violent version of skid row. 

 

Murray predicted this. Nobody listened. They made their bed, now they have to lie in it. 

 

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Murray is gay, so I guess there's some hope for him.

  • Confused 1

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