Europe and Japan open to Foreigners based on passport or where lived?

Hello everyone.  Does anyone know for sure the July 1 Europe opening to 14 countries is based on nationality or where lived in the past month? What about the case of recent Japan opening to 4 countries: based on passport or where recently lives?

It makes more sense to me to allow entry based on where recently lived, but who knows what each government will actually do?

Good day!