The statement that the Quran was first written in 741 AD by scholars in Baghdad and that the current version was not completed until 1207 AD in Damascus is not accurate according to historical and scholarly consensus. Historical Compilation of the Quran:During Prophet Muhammad's Lifetime (c. 610â632 AD): The Quran was revealed orally to Prophet Muhammad over approximately 23 years. Portions were memorized and written down on various materials such as parchment, bones, and leaves during his lifetime. Compilation under Caliph Abu Bakr (c. 632â634 AD): After Muhammad's death, the first caliph Abu Bakr ordered the collection of Quranic verses into a single manuscript to preserve the text, especially after many who had memorized it died in battle. This compilation was overseen by Zayd ibn Thabit, one of Muhammad's scribes. Standardization under Caliph Uthman (c. 644â656 AD): To unify the Muslim community under one standard text, Caliph Uthman ordered the production of several copies of the Quran based on the compilation from Abu Bakr's time. These copies were sent to major Islamic centers, including Medina, Kufa, Basra, and Damascus. This is considered the basis of the "Uthmanic codex," which is the foundation of the Quranic text used today. Later Manuscripts and Preservation: Manuscripts of the Quran from the 7th to 8th centuries exist, and the text has been preserved with remarkable consistency. There is no historical evidence that the Quran was first written in Baghdad in 741 AD or that the current version was only completed in 1207 AD in Damascus.
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